UVA-CAB - It's never easy

 Papers Published by the Center for Applied Biomechanics

(625 papers listed by year then first author)

 

 Ash, JH, Abdelilah, Y, Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Parent, DP, Kallieris D. (2009) Comparison of Anthropomorphic Test Dummies with a Pediatric Cadaver Restrained by a Three-point Belt in Frontal Sled Tests. Paper 09-0362, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Ash, JH, Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Parent, DP. (2009) Reconstruction of a Real World Crash Involving a Child Using Hybrid III 10-year old and 5th percentile Adult Female ATDs. Paper 09-0365, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Feist, F, Gugler, J, Arregui-Dalmases, C, del Pozo de Dios, E, Lopez-Valdes, F, Deck, D, Wilinger, R. (2009) Pedestrian collisions with flat-fronted vehicles: injury patterns adn importance of rotational accelerators as a predictor for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Paper 09-0264, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Franz, JR, Paylo, KW, Dicharry, J, Riley, PO, Kerrigan, DC. (2009) Changes in the coordination of hip and pelvis kinematics with mode of locomotion. Gait and Posture, 29(3): 494-498.

Kent, RW, Woods, WA, Salzar, RS, Damon, AM, Bass, CR. (2009) The transient relationship between pressure and volume in the pediatric pulmonary system. Journal of Biomechanics; 42(11): 1656-63.

Lessley, DJ, Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Salzar, RS, Shaw, CG. (2009) Internal vs. External Chest Deformation Response to Shoulder Belt Loading, Part 1: Table-Top Tests. Paper 2009-01-0393, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Kerrigan, JR, Arregui, C, Crandall, JR.  (2009)  Pedestrian head impact dynamics:  comparison of dummy and PMHS in small sedan and large SUV impacts.  Paper 09-0127, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles.

Lopez-Valdez F, Kent, RW, Shaw, CG, Lessley, DJ, Tanji, H, Higuchi, K. (2009) Optical Measurement of 6-DOF kinematics of Internal Body Structures During Frontal Impact Restraint Loading. Paper 20095066, Japan Society of Automotive Engineers.

Salzar, RS, Bass, CR, Lessley, DJ, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW, Bolton, JR. (2009) Viscoelastic response of the thorax under dynamic belt loading. Traffic Injury Prevention, 10(3): 290-296.

Salzar, RS, Bass, CR, Pellettiere, J. (2009) Improving Earpiece Accelerometer Coupling to the Head. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems,1367-1381. Based on SAE Paper 2008-01-2978.

Salzar, RS, Bolton, JR, Crandall, JR. (2009) Ejection Injury to the Spine in Small Aviators: Sled Tests of Manikins vs. Postmortem Specimens. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 80(7):621-628.

Salzar, RS, Genovese, D, Bass, CR, Bolton, JR, Guillemot, H, Damon, AM, Crandall, JR (2009) Load path distribution within the pelvic structure under lateral loading. International Journal of Crashworthiness 14(1): 99-110.

Shaw, CG, Parent, DP, Pursezov, S, Lessley, DJ, Shin, J, Crandall, JR, Zama, Y, Ejima, S, Kamiji, K, Yasuki, T. (2009) Frontal Impact PMHS Sled Tests for FE TORSO Model Development. International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Impact (IRCOBI).

Shin, J, Lessley, DJ, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2009) Thoracic Response to Shoulder Belt Loading using Experimental and Computational Analyses: Chest Stiffness Investigation of Ribcage. Paper 2009-01-0384, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Subit, D, Chabrand, P, Masson, C. (2009) A micromechanical model to predict damage and failure in biological tissues. Application to the ligament-to-bone attachment in the human knee joint. Journal of Biomechanics, 42(3): 261-265.

Untaroiu, CD, Duprey, S, Kerrigan, JR, Li, Z, Bose, D, Crandall, JR. (2009)  Experimental and Computational Investigation of Human Clavicle Response in Anterior-Posterior Bending Loading.  Proceedings of the 46th Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium.

Untaroiu, CD, Meissner, M, Crandall, JR, Takahashi, Y, Okamoto, M, Ito, O. (2009) Crash Reconstruction of Pedestrian Accidents using Optimization Techniques. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 36(2): 210-219.

Untaroiu, CD, Duprey, S, Kerrigan, JR, Li, Z, Bose, D, Crandall, JR. (2009) Experimental and computational investigation of human clavicle response in anterior-posterior bending loading. Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 45:6-11.

Arregui-Dalmases, C, Del Pozo, E, Duprey, S, Lopez-Valdes, F, Lau, AG, Subit, D, Kent, RW. (2008) A parametric study of hard tissue injury prediction using finite elements: consideration of geometric complexity, failure theory, sub-failure material properties, thresholding, and element characteristics. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Ash, JH, Sherwood, CP, Abdelilah, Y, Crandall, JR, Parent, DP, Kallieris, D. (2008) Comparison of Anthropomorphic Test Dummies with a Pediatric Cadaver Restrained by a Three-point Belt in Frontal Sled Tests. Proceedings of the 4th Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD, Purtsezov, SV, Shaw, CG. (2008) Concept of a platform-based impact isolation system for protection of wheelchair occupants from injuries in vehicle crashes. Medical Engineering and Physics, 30(2):258-67.

Bass, CR, Crandall, JR, Salzar, RS, Rafaels, KA, Damon, A, Lucas, SR. (2008) Assessing the Neck Injury Index (NII) Using Experimental Cadaver Tests. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Bass, CR, Damon, AM, Lucas, SR, Salzar, RS, Paskoff, G, Shender, BS. (2008) High Strain Rate Material Characterization of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine. 79th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association, BostonMA.

Bass, CR, Rafaels, KA, Salzar, RS, Carboni, M, Kent, RW, Lloyd, MD, Lucas, SR, Meyerhoff, K, Planchak, C, Damon, A, Bass, GT. (2008) Thoracic and lumbar spinal impact tolerance. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 40(2): 487-495.

Bass, CR, Rafaels, KA, Salzar, RS. (2008) Pulmonary injury risk assessment for short duration blasts. Journal of Trauma, 65(3):604-15.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Ash, JH, Ziemba, A, Lucas, SR, Peterson, R, Pierce, E. (2008) Models for Assessing Spinal Dynamics and Injury from Repeated Impact in High Speed Planing Boats. Paper 2008-01-0782, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Bertrand S;Cuny S;Petit P;Trosseille X;Page Y;Guillemot H;Drazetic P. (2008) Traumatic rupture of thoracic aorta in real-world motor vehicle crashes. Traffic Injury Prevention, 9(2): 153-161.

Bose, D, Bhalla, KS, Untaroiu, CD, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S. (2008) Injury Tolerance and Moment Response of the Knee Joint to Combined Valgus Bending and Shear Loading. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 130(3).

Bose, D, Crandall, JR, Untaroiu, CD, Maslen, E. (2008) Influence of pre-collision occupant properties on the injury response during frontal collision. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Bose, D, Crandall, JR. (2008) Influence of Active Muscle Contribution on the Injury Response of Restrained Car Occupants. Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine, 52: 61-72.

Brolin, K, Hedenstierna, S, Halldin, P, Bass, CR, Alem, N. (2008) The importance of muscle tension on the outcome of impacts with a major vertical component. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 13(5): 487-498.

Duprey, S, Bruyere, K, Verriest, JP. (2008) Influence of Geometrical Personalization on the Simulation of Clavicle Fractures. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(1):200-207.

Forbes, PA, van Rooij, L, Rodaruis, C, Crandall, JR. (2008) Child Human Model Development: A Hybrid Validation Approach. Proceedings of the International Crashworthiness Conference.

Forman, J, Michaelson, J, Kent, RW, Kuppa, S, Bostrom, O. (2008) Occupant restraint in the rear seat: ATD responses to standard and pre-tensioning, force-limiting belt restraints. Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine, 52:141-154.

Forman, J, Stacey, S, Evans, J, Kent, RW. (2008) Posterior acceleration as a mechanism of blunt traumatic injury of the aorta. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(6):1359-1364.

Guillemot, H, Bertrand, S, Drazetic, P, Forman, J, Kent, RW, Petit, P. (2008) Injury mechanisms of the traumatic rupture of the aorta: a review. Proceedings of the 18th Canadian Multidisciplinary Road Safety Conference. British Columbia, Canada.

Ito, O, Okamoto, M, Takahashi, Y, Mori, F, Meissner, MU, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2008) Validation of a human FE lower limb model for a child pedestrian against accident data. JSAE Transaction, 39(1):21-26.

Ivarsson, BJ, Manaswi, A, Genovese, D, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, SR, Burke, C, Fakhry, S. (2008) Site, type, and local mechanism of tibial shaft fracture in drivers in frontal automobile crashes. Forensic Science International, 175(2-3):186-192.

Kendall, RG, Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR. (2008) A Computational Study of Rear-Facing and Forward-Facing Child Restraints. Paper 2008-01-1233, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Kent, RW, Stacey, S, Kindig, M, Woods, WA, Evans, J, Rouhana, SW, Higuchi, K, Tanji, H, St. Lawrence, S, Arbogast, KB. (2008) Biomechanical Response of the pediatric Abdomen, Part 2: Injuries and Their Correlation with Engineering Parameters. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 52: 135-166.

Kent, RW, Stacey, S, Parenteau, C. (2008) Dynamic pinch tolerance of the phalanges and interphalangeal joints. Traffic Injury Prevention, 9(1):83-88.

Kent, RW, Woods, WA, Bostrom, O. (2008) Fatality risk and the presence of rib fractures. Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine, 52:73-84.

Kent, RW. (2008) Frontal thoracic response to dynamic loading: the role of superficial tissues, viscera and the rib cage. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 13(3): 289-300.

Kerrigan JR; (2008) A Computationally Efficient Mathematical Model of the Pedestrian Lower Extremity. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Virginia.

Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Deng, B. (2008) A Comparative Analysis of the Pedestrian Injury Risk Predicted by Mechanical Impactors and Post Mortem Human Surrogates. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 52.

Kerrigan, JR, Parent, DP, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR, Deng, B. (2008) A New Detailed Multi-Body Model of the Pedestrian Lower Extremity: Development and Preliminary Validation. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kerrigan, JR, Rudd, RW, Subit, D, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2008) Pedestrian Lower Extremity Response and Injury: Small Sedan vs. Large SUV. Paper 2008-01-1245, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Lamp, J, Kent, RW, Forman, J. (2008) Preliminary study of the effects of calcification on the structural behavior of costal cartilage. Poster. Proceedings of the 4th Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Lau, AG, Oyen, ML, Kent, RW, Murakami, D, Torigaki, T. (2008) Indentation stiffness of aging human costal cartilage. Acta biomaterialia, 4: 97-103.

Lau, SH, Rafaels, KA, Bass, CR, Kent, RW. (2008) An Assessment of Macropus Giganteus as a Biomechanical Model of the Pediatric Thorax. Proceedings of the 4th Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Lessley, DJ, Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Salzar, RS, Shaw, CG. (2008) Internal vs. External Chest Deformation Response to Shoulder Belt Loading, Part 1: Table-Top Tests. Paper 2009-01-0393, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Lessley, DJ, Salzar, RS, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW, Bolton, JR, Bass, CR, Forman, JL. (2008) Kinematics of the Thorax under Dynamic Belt Loading Conditions. Proceedings of the International Crashworthiness Conference.

Lloyd, SAJ, Yuan, YY, Kostenuik, PJ, Ominsky, MS, Lau, AG, Morony, S, Stolina, M, Asuncion, FJ, Bateman, TA. (2008) Soluble RANKL Induces High Bone Turnover and Decreases Bone Volume, Density, and Strength in Mice. Calcified Tissue International, 82:361-372.

Lopez-Valdes, FJ, Michaelson, J, Arregui, C, Kent, RW, Segui-Gomez, M. (2008) Crash test head-neck injury prediction and correlation with real world data for pediatric occupants. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 52:

Lopez-Valdes, FJ, Segui-Gomez, M, Frampton, R. (2008) Evaluating the appropriateness of the injury scaling method for pediatric motor vehicle injuries. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 52:

Lucas, SR, Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Oyen, ML, Planchak, MS, Ziemba, MS, Shender, BS, Paskoff, G. (2008) Viscoelastic properties of the cervical spine under fast strain rate deformations. Acta Biomaterialia, 4: 117-125.

Lucas, SR, Salzar, RS, Bass, CR. (2008) Viscoelastic Properties of Spine Ligament Collagen Fascicles. Proceedings of the ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference, MarcoIsland, Fl.

Michaelson, J, Forman, J, Kent, RW, Kuppa, S. (2008) Rear Seat Occupant Safety: Kinematics and Injury of PMHS Restrained by a Standard 3-Point Belt in Frontal Crashes. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 52: 295-326.

Parent, DP, Crandall, JR. (2008) Scaling and Optimization of Thoracic Impact Response in Pediatric Subjects. Proceedings of the International Crashworthiness Conference.

Salzar, RS, Bass, CR, Lessley, DJ, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW, Bolton, JR. (2008) Viscoelastic Response of the Thorax under Dynamic Belt Loading. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Shin, J, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2008) Pelvic Response Investigation of Lateral Loading Conditions using Finite Element Models. 10th International LS-DYNA Users Conference.

Shin, J, Untaroiu, CD, Kerrigan, JR, Forman, J, Crandall, JR. (2008) Kinematic analyses of instrumentation cubes in vehicle impact experiments. Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 44:76-81.

Subit, D, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Fukuyama, K, Yamnazaki, K, Kamiji, K, Yasuki, T. (2008) Pedestrian-vehicle interaction: kinematics and injury analysis of four full scale tests. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Subit, D, Masson, C, Brunet, C, Chabrand, P. (2008) Microstructure of the ligament-to-bone attachment complex in the human knee joint. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 1:360-367.

Subit, D, Ogam, E, Gabrielli, F, Masson, C, Kindig, M, Kent, RW. (2008) Rib failure detection using time-frequency analysis: a feasibility study. 36th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research, San Antonio (TX).

Untaroiu, A, Goyne, C, Untaroiu, CD, Wood, HG, Allaire, PE. (2008) Computational Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Static Straight-Through Labyrinth Seals. ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and RD&D Congress, IMECE2008-67847.

Untaroiu, CD, Allaire, P, Foiles, B. (2008) Balancing of Flexible Rotors using Convex Optimization Techniques - Generalized Min-Max LMI Influence Coefficient Method. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 130(1):1-5.

Untaroiu, CD, Genovese, D, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR. (2008) A Finite Element Analysis of Mid-Shaft Femoral Tolerance under Combined Axial-Bending Loading. 10th International LS-Dyna Users Conference, Detroit, MI.

Untaroiu, CD, Ivarsson, BJ, Genovese, D, Bose, D, Crandall, JR. (2008) Biomechanical Injury Response of Leg Subjected to Dynamic Combined Axial and Bending Loading. Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 44:141-146.

Untaroiu, CD, Ivarsson, BJ, Genovese, D, Bose, D, Crandall, JR. (2008) Biomechanical Injury Response of Leg Subjected to Dynamic Combined Axial and Bending Loading. Proceedings of the 46th Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium.

Untaroiu, CD, Salzar, RS, Guillemot, H, Crandall, JR. (2008) Pelvic response under lateral impact loading: the force transmission path and the strain distribution of pubic rami. Southeastern Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics.

Untaroiu, CD, Salzar, RS, Guillemot, H, Crandall, JR. (2008) The Strain Distribution and Force Transmission Path through Pubic Rami during Lateral Pelvic Impacts. ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and RD&D Congress, IMECE2008-67791.

Untaroiu, CD, Shin, J, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Subit, D, Takahashi, Y, Akiyama, A, Kikuchi, Y. (2008) A study of the pedestrian impact kinematics using finite element dummy models: the corridors and dimensional analysis scaling of upper-body trajectories. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 13(5): 469-478.

Untaroiu, CD, Shin, J, Shaw, CG, Lessley, DJ, Crandall, JR. (2008) Thoracic response under dynamic mid-sternal compressive loading: finite element investigation of thoracic stiffness. Southeastern Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics.

Woods, WA, Kent, RW. (2008) Impact of rib fractures on mortality for older motor vehicle crash victims. Academic Emergency Medicine, 15(5):S138-S139.

Arbogast, KB, Kent, RW, Menon, RA, Ghati, Y, Durbin, DR, Rouhana, SW. (2007) Mechanisms of Abdominal Organ Injury in Seat Belt-Restrained Children. Journal of Trauma, 62(6): 1473-1480.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Purtsezov SV. (2007) Optimal impact isolation for injury prevention evaluated by the head injury criterion. Shock and Vibration, 14(5): 355-370.

Bass, CR, Lucas, SR, Salzar, RS, Oyen, M, Planchak, C, Shender, B, Paskoff, G. (2007) Failure Properties of Cervical Spinal Ligaments Under Fast Strain Rate Deformations. Spine, 32(1): E7-E13.

Bass, CR, Planchak, CJ, Salzar, RS, Lucas, SR, Rafaels, KA, Shender, BS, Paskoff, G. (2007) The temperature-dependent viscoelasticity of porcine lumbar spine ligaments. Spine, 32(16): E436-442.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Ash, JH, Ziemba, A, Lucas, SR, Peterson, R, Pierce, E, Price, B. (2007) Dynamics models for the assessment of spinal injury from repeated impact in high speed planing boats. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Bose, D, Arnoux, PJ, Cardot, J, Brunet, C. (2007) Evaluation of Knee Injury Thresholds in Pedestrian-car Crash Loading using Numerical Approach. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 12(4):381-399.

Bose, D, Subit, D, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Takahashi, Y, Kikuchi, Y, Akiyama, A. (2007) Biofidelity Improvements to the Polar-II Pedestrian Dummy Lower Extremity. Paper 2007-01-0757, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Bose, D, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2007) Influence of Pre-Crash Bracing on Impact Energy Distribution in a Car Occupant. Proceedings of the 3rd Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Duprey, S, Bruyere, K, Verriest, JP. (2007) Experimental and simulated flexion tests of humerus. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 12(2):153-158.

Duprey, S, Bruyere, K, Verriest, JP. (2007) Numerical simulation of clavicle compression tests with HUMOS clavicle models. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 10(1):37-38.

Duprey, S, Bruyere, K, Verriest, JP. (2007) Numerical simulation of shoulder lateral impacts for shoulder injury prediction. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Duprey, S, Subit, D, Rutherford, A, Kent, RW. (2007) Strain-Based Methodology To Assess The Load Transmitted Into The Clavicle During Lateral Shoulder Impacts. Proceedings of the 35th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Eberhardt, WC, Lee, SH, Humphrey, J, Kent, RW. (2007) Experimental and numerical study of the flow in a synthetic aorta for traumatic rupture conditions. 5th International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena, Munich, Germany.

Elhagediab, A, Hardy, W, Rouhana, S, Kent, RW, Arbogast, K, Higuchi, K. (2007) Development of an instrumented rate-sensitive abdomen for the six year old Hybrid III dummy. JSAE Annual Congress, Yokohama, Japan.

Funk, JR, Rudd, RW, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR. (2007) The Line of Action in the Tibia During Axial Compression of the Leg. Journal of Biomechanics, 40(10): 2277-2282.

Henary, BY, Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW, Vaca, FE, Arbogast, KB, Bull, MJ. (2007) Car safety seats for children: rear facing for best protection. Injury Prevention, 13:398-402.

Ito, O, Okamoto, M, Takahashi, Y, Mori, F, Meissner, MU, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2007) Validation of a human FE lower limb model for a child pedestrian against accident data. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Ito, O, Okamoto, M, Takahashi, Y, Mori, F, Meissner, MU, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2007) Validation of a human FE model for child pedestrian. Paper 20075374, JSAE Annual Congress (in Japanese).

Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Fredriksson, F, Burke, C, Stadter, G, Fakhry, S. (2007) Pedestrian head impact - what determines the likelihood and location? Paper 07-0373. Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Kent, RW, Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD, Purtsezov, SV. (2007) Optimal control of restraint forces in an automobile impact. Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control, 129(4): 415-423.

Kent, RW, Forman, J, Parent, DP, Kuppa, S. (2007) Rear seat occupant protection in frontal crashes and its feasibility. Paper 07-0386, Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Kent, RW, Forman, J, Parent, DP, Kuppa, S. (2007) The feasibility and effectiveness of belt pretensioning and load limiting for adults in the rear seat. International Journal of Vehicle Safety, 2(4):378-403.

Kent, RW, Purtsezov, SV, Pilkey, WD. (2007) Limiting performance analysis of a seat belt system with slack. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 34(8):1382-1395.

Kent, RW, Sherwood, CP, Henary, B. (2007) The benefits of rear-facing child restraints in side impacts. Paper JSAE Annual Congress, Yokohama, Japan.

Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Deng B. (2007) Pedestrian kinematic response to mid-sized vehicle impact. International Journal of Vehicle Safety, 2(3): 221-240.

Kindig, M, Forman, J, Lau, AG, Kent, RW. (2007) Methodology for assessing kinematic and dynamic changes in eviscerated rib cage undergoing anterior loading. Proceedings of the 3rd Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity

Lau, AG, Kindig, M, Forman, JL, Kent, RW. (2007) Material properties of the costal chondral junction. Poster. Proceedings of the 3rd Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Lee, SH, Kent, RW. (2007) Blood flow and fluid-structure interactions in the human aorta during traumatic rupture conditions. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 51: 211-233

Michaelson, J, Kent, RW. (2007) Bone density variation throughout the body. Proceedings of the 3rd Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Michetti, CP, Hanna, R, Crandall, JR, Fakhry, SM. (2007) Contemporary Analysis of Thoracic Aortic Injury: Importance of Screening Based On Crash Characteristics. Journal of Trauma, 63(1): 18-24.

Millington, SA, Grabner, M, Wozelka, R, Anderson, DD, Hurwitz, SR, Crandall, JR. (2007) Quantification of ankle articular cartilage topography and thickness using a high resolution stereophotography system. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 15(2):205-211.

Millington, SA, Grabner, M, Wozelka, R, Hurwitz, S, Crandall, JR. (2007) A Stereophotographic study of ankle joint contact area and joint contact distribution. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 25(11): 1465-1473.

Millington, SA, Li, B, Tang, J, Tratting, S, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S, Acton, S. (2007) Quantitative and topographical evaluation of ankle articular cartilage using high resolution MRI. Journal of Orthopedic Research, 25(2):143-151.

Shaw, CG, Lessley, DJ, Evans, J, Crandall, JR, Shin, J, Portier, P, Paoloni, G. (2007) Quasi-static and dynamic thoracic loading tests: cadaveric torsos. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR. (2007) Frontal sled tests comparing rear and forward facing child restraints with 1-3 year old dummies. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine 51:169-180.

Sherwood, CP, Marshall, R, Crandall, JR. (2007) The development of an injury cost function for child passenger safety. Paper 07-0127, Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Shin, J, Untaroiu, CD, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Subit, D, Takahashi, Y, Akiyama, A, Kikuchi, Y, Longhitano, D. (2007) Investigating Pedestrian Kinematics with the Polar-II Finite Element Model. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 116(7). Based on SAE Paper 2007-01-0756.

Untaroiu, CD, Kerrigan, JR, Kam, CY, Crandall, JR, Yamazaki, K, Fukuyama, K, Kamiji, K, Yasukis T, Funk, JR. (2007) Correlation of strain and loads measured in the long bones with observed kinematics of the lower limb during vehicle-pedestrian impacts. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 51:433-466.

Untaroiu, CD, Shin, J, Crandall, JR. (2007) A Design Optimization Approach of Vehicle Hood for Pedestrian Protection. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 12(6): 581-589.

Untaroiu, CD, Shin, J, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Takahashi, Y, Akiyama, A, Kikuchi, Y. (2007) Pedestrian kinematics investigation with finite element dummy models based on Anthropometry scaling method. Paper 07-0328, Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Bass, CR, Donnellan, L, Salzar, RS, Lucas, SR, Folk, B, Davis, M, Rafaels, KA, Planchak, C, Meyerhoff, K, Ziemba, A, Alem, N. (2006) A New Neck Injury Criterion in Combined Vertical/Frontal Crashes with Head Supported Mass. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Bass, CR, Donnellan, L, Salzar, RS, Lucas, SR, Folk, B, Davis, M, Rafaels, KA, Planchak, C, Meyerhoff, K, Ziemba, A, Alem, N. (2006) Injuries in Cadaveric Tests Simulating Rotary Wing Aviators in Vertical/Frontal Crashes with Head Mounted Mass, Aerospace Medical Association Conference. Orlando, FL.

Bass, CR, Rafaels, KA, Salzar, RS, Meyerhoff, K, Planchak, C, Stringer, B, Goyne, C, Waclawik, S. (2006) Developing a Test Methodology for Assessing Nonpenetrating Blast Trauma in Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Suits; 2006 Sept 18-22; Leeds, UK, p. 199-208.

Bass, CR, Rafaels, KA, Salzar, RS. (2006) A New Injury Criteria for Blast. Personal Armour Systems Symposium (PASS), Leeds, UK.

Bass, CR, Rafaels, KA, Salzar, RS. (2006) Pulmonary injury risk assessment for short-duration blasts. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial International Symposia on Personal Armour Systems; 2006 Sept 18-22; Leeds, UK, p. 233-248.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Lucas, SR, Davis, M, Donnellan, L, Folk, B, Sanderson, E, Waclawik, S. (2006) Injury Risk in Behind Armor Blunt Thoracic Trauma. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, (12)4: 429-442.

Bass, CR, Woods, WA, Salzar, RS, Rafaels, KA. (2006) Brain Injury from Blast. Poster presented at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), March 27, 2006.

Bass, CR, Ziemba, A, Lucas, SR, Salzar, RS. (2006) Evaluation of Criteria for Assessing Risk of Impact Injury in High Speed Craft. ABCD Symposium on Human Performance. Panama City, FL.

Cheng, ZQ, Pellettiere, JA, Pilkey, WD. (2006) Energy Distribution Analysis of Impact Signals Based on Wave Decomposition. Proceedings of the 75th Shock and Vibration Symposium.

Crandall, JR, Lessley, DJ, Kerrigan, JR, Ivarsson, BJ. (2006) Thoracic Deformation Response of Pedestrians Resulting from Vehicle Impact. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 11(6): 529-539.

Crandall, JR, Lessley, DJ, Kerrigan, JR, Ivarsson, BJ. (2006) Thoracic Deformation Response of Pedestrians Resulting from Vehicle Impact. Proceedings of the International Crashworthiness Conference, Athens, Greece.

Forman, J, Kent, RW. (2006) Restraint Dependency in Hybrid III Rib Fracture Prediction: A Comparison of Hybrid III and Cadaver Chest Deflection Response in Restrained Frontal Sled Tests. Proceedings of the 2nd Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Forman, J, Lessley, DJ, Kent, RW, Bostrom, O, Pipkorn, B. (2006) Whole-body Kinematic and Dynamic Response of Restrained PMHS in Frontal Sled Tests. Stapp Car Crash Journal 50: 299-336.

Forman, J, Lessley, DJ, Shaw, CG, Evans, J, Kent, RW, Rouhana, S, Prasad, P. (2006) Thoracic Response of Belted PMHS, the Hybrid III, and the THOR-NT Mid-Sized Male Surrogates in Low Speed, Frontal Crashes. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 50: 191-215.

Funk, JR, Crandall, JR. (2006) Calculation of Tibial Loading using Strain Gauges. Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 42:142-7.

Henary BY, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR. (2006) The Influence of Age on the Morbidity and Mortality of Pedestrian Victims. Traffic Injury Prevention, 7: 182-190.

Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Okamoto, M. (2006) Influence of Age-Related Stature on the Frequency of Body Region Injury and Overall Injury Severity in Child Pedestrian Casualties. Traffic Injury Prevention, 7:290-298.

Kendall, R, Meissner, MU, Crandall, JR. (2006) The Causes of Head Injury in Vehicle-Pedestrian Impacts: Comparing the Relative Danger of Vehicle and Road Surface. Paper 2006-01-0462, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Kent, RW, Bass, CR, Woods, WA, Salzar, RS, Lee, SH, Melvin, J. (2006) The role of muscle tensing on the force-deflection response of the thorax and a reassessment of frontal impact thoracic biofidelity corridors. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D-Journal of Automobile Engineering, 220(D7): 853-868.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2006) A hybrid technique for determining optimal restraint system characteristics. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 11(4):379-385.

Kent, RW, Stacey, S, Forman, J, Mattice, JM, Kindig, M, Evans, J, Woods, WA, Oyen, ML, Arbogast, K, Higuchi, K, Tanji, H, St. Lawrence, S. (2006) Assessment of injury criteria for predicting pediatric abdominal risk from seatbelt loading. Paper 20065427, Proc. JSAE. Yokohama, Japan.

Kent, RW, Stacey, S, Kindig, M, Forman, J, Woods, WA, Rouhana, S, Higuchi, K, Tanji, H, St. Lawrence, S, Arbogast, KB. (2006) Biomechanical Response of the Pediatric Abdomen, Part 1: Development of an Experimental Model and Quantification of Structural Response to Dynamic Belt Loading. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 50: 1-26.

Kent, RW, Stacey, S, Mattice, JM, Kindig, M, Forman, J, Woods, WA', Evans, J. (2006) Assessment of abdominal injury criteria for use with pediatric seatbelt loading. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, abstract in J. Biomech. 39(1):S159.

Kindig, M, Stacey, S, Mattice, JM, Forman, J, Evans, J, Woods, WA, Kent, RW. (2006) Evaluating the abdominal response of a porcine surrogate to lap belt loading. Proceedings of the 2nd Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity

Lau, AG, Kindig, M, Kent, RW. (2006) Material characterization of the costal cartilage junction. Proceedings of the 34th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Lau, AG, Mattice, JM, Murakami, D, Oyen, ML, Kent, RW. (2006) The Effects of Aging on the Material Properties of Human Costal Cartilage. Proceedings of the 2nd Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Lucas, SR, Bass, CR, Planchak, CJ, Salzar, RS, Shender, BS, Paskoff, G. (2006) Temperature and age effects on high rate viscoelasticity of cervical spinal components. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, abstract in J. Biomech. 39(1):S151.

Lucas, SR, Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Planchak, C, Ziemba, A, Shender, BS, Paskoff, G. (2006) Age-Dependent Material Properties of Soft Tissues in the Spine. Aerospace Medical Association Conference. Orlando, FL.

Lucas, SR, Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Shender, B, Paskoff, G. (2006) High Rate Viscoelastic Properties of Human Cervical Spinal Intervertebral Discs. American Society of Biomechanics Annual Meeting. Blacksburg, VA.

Mattice, JM, Lau, AG, Oyen, ML, Kent, RW. (2006) Spherical Indentation Load-Relaxation of Soft Biological Tissues. Journal of Materials Research, 21(8): 2003-2010.

Murakami, D, Kobayashi, S, Torigaki, T, Kent, RW. (2006) Finite Element Analysis of Hard and Soft Tissue Contributions to Thoracic Response: Sensitivity Analysis of Fluctuations in Boundary Conditions. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 50: 169-189.

Nordhagen, R, Warner, M, Perl, T, Kent, RW. (2006) Accident reconstruction for rear pole impacts of passenger cars. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars: Mechanical Systems, 115(6):790-815. Based on SAE Paper 2006-01-0899.

Oyen, ML, Calvin, SE. (2006) Thickness effects on fracture properties of the placental membranes. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, abstract in J. Biomech. 39(1):S342.

Oyen, ML, Lau, AG, Kindig, M, Stacey, S, Kent, RW. (2006) Mechanical properties of structural tissues of the pediatric thorax. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, abstract in J. Biomech. 39(1):S156.

Paek, CI, Shaw, CG, Crandall, JR, Baek, YH, Ko, OS. (2006) Responses of Hybrid III 50th and THOR-NT 50th in Sled Tests with Different Seat Belt Pretensioner Configurations. Proceedings of the ASME-IMECE-International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition.

Pilkey, WD, Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Purtsezov SV. (2006) Extremal disturbance analysis for dynamical systems. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering. 28(4).

Rudd, RW, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Arregui C. (2006) Kinematic Analysis of Head/Neck Motion in Pedestrian-Vehicle Collisions Using 6-Degree-of-Freedom Instrumentation Cubes. Paper Number 2006-01-0681, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Salzar, RS, Bass, CR, Kent, RW, Millington, SA, Davis, M, Lucas, SR, Rudd, RW, Folk, B, Donnellan, L. (2006) Development of Injury Criteria for Pelvic Fracture in Frontal Crashes. Traffic Injury Prevention, 7:299-305.

Shafieian, M, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR, Stone, J, Okonkwo, D. (2006) In Vivo and In Situ Material Properties of Brain Tissue. Proceedings of the ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference.

Sherwood, CP, Abdelilah, Y, Crandall, JR. (2006) Quantifying the Relationship Between Vehicle Interior Geometry and Child Restraint Systems. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 50: 381-396.

Sherwood, CP, Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2006) Booster Seats and the Transition from Child Restraints to Adult Seat Belts. Topics in Emergency Medicine, 28(1): 21-29.

Shin, J, Lee, SH, Kerrigan, JR, Darvish KK, Crandall, JR, Akiyama A, Takahashi Y, Okamoto M, Kikuchi, Y. (2006) Development and Validation of a Finite Element Model for the Polar-II Upper Body. Paper 2006-01-0684, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Stacey, S, Kent, RW. (2006) Investigation of an alleged mechanism of finger Injury in an Automobile Crash. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 120(4): 246-251.

Subit, D, Bose, D, Ivarsson, BJ, Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2006) Analytical and Computational Methods to Evaluate the Effect of Bone Geometry in Tibial Loading Response. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, abstract in J. Biomech. 39(1):S543.

Subit, D, Ivarsson, BJ, Kikuchi, Y, Takahashi, Y, Crandall, JR. (2006) The influence of pelvis design on the lateral pelvic impact response of the Polar-II pedestrian dummy. Paper 2006-01-0682, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Tang, J, Millington, SA, Acton, S, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S. (2006) Surface Extraction and Thickness Measurement of the Articular Cartilage from MR Images using Direction Gradient Vector Flow Snakes. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 53(5): 896-907.

Untaroiu, CD, Crandall, JR. (2006) Parameter Identification and Sensitivity Analysis of Cortical Bone Material Models using Finite Element Optimization Techniques. ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference, AmeliaIsland, FL.

Untaroiu, CD, Kam, CY, Crandall, JR. (2006) Experimental and Finite Element Evaluation of Bending Loadings in a Lower Limb Bone using Strain Data. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, abstract in J. Biomech. 39(1):S161.

Untaroiu, CD, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR. (2006) Material Identification using Successive Response Surface Methodology, with Application to a Human Femur subjected to Three-Point Bending Loading. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical System, 115(6): 26-35. Based on SAE Paper 2006-01-0063.

Untaroiu, CD, Shin, J, Crandall, JR, Crino, S. (2006) Development and validation of a headform impactor finite element model with application to vehicle hood design for pedestrian protection. 9th International LS-Dyna Users Conference.

van Dommelen, J, Minary Jolandan, M, Ivarsson, BJ, Millington, SA, Raut, M, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Diduch, D. (2006) Nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of human knee ligaments subjected to complex loading histories. Annals of Biomedical Engineering 34(6): 1008-1018.

Wang, S, Poster, C, Brede, C, Lange, A, Lange, D, Kent, RW. (2006) Human body tolerance to high energy impacts: Influence of occupant torso tissue composition on real world crash injuries. 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, abstract in J. Biomech. 39(1):S157.

Abdelilah, Y, Sherwood, CP, Marshall, R, Crandall, JR. (2005) Response of the Hybrid III 3 year old Dummy in FFCRS and RFCRS in Simulated Frontal Impacts. Proceedings of the 1st Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Abdelilah, Y, Sherwood, CP, Marshall, R, Gopalan, S, Crandall, JR. (2005) The Effects of Head Padding in Rear Facing Child Restraints. Paper 2005-01-1839, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Ali, T, Kent, RW, Murakami, D, Kobayaashi, S. (2005) Tracking Rib Deformation Under Anterior Loads Using Computed Tomography Imaging. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 114(6): 111-125. Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-0299.

Ali, T, Kent, RW. (2005) An analytical study of the material and geometric changes in the rib cage of an aging human. Proceedings of the 1st Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Arbogast, KB, Marigowda, S, Higuchi, K, Tanji, H, Kent, RW, Stacey, S, Mattice, JM, Rouhana, S. (2005) An Experimental and Epidemiological Evaluation of Abdominal Injuries in Children. Paper 20055409, JSAE Annual Congress, Yokohama, Japan.

Arbogast, KB, Mong, A, Marigowda, S, Kent, RW, Stacey, S, Mattice, JM, Tanji, H, Higuchi, K, Rouhana, S. (2005) Evaluating Pediatric Abdominal Injuries. Paper 05-0046, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD. (2005) Pre-acting control for shock and impact isolation systems. Shock and Vibration, 12: 49-65

Bass, CR, Davis, M, Rafaels, KA, Rountree, M, Harris, RM, Sanderson, E, Andrefsky, W, DiMarco, G, Zielinski, M. (2005) A Methodology for Assessing Blast Protection in Explosive Ordnance Disposal Bomb Suits. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 11(4): 347-361.

Bass, CR, Donnellan, L, Salzar, RS, Lucas, SR, Folk, B, Davis, M, Rafaels, KA, Planchak, C, Meyerhoff, K, Ziemba, A, Alem, N, Crowley, J. (2005) A New Neck Injury Criterion for Rotary Wing Aviators in Vertical/Frontal Crashes with Head Mounted Mass, Aerospace Medical Association Conference. Kansas City, MO.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Ziemba, A, Lucas, SR, Peterson, R, Price, B, Labreque, J. (2005) Evaluation of Injury Criteria for High Speed Planing Craft. SAVAIC Conference. New Orleans, LA.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Ziemba, A, Lucas, SR, Peterson, R, Price, B, Labreque, J. (2005) Injury Specification Strategy for Occupants in High-Speed Planing Craft. SAVIAC Conference. New Orleans, LA.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Ziemba, A, Lucas, SR, Peterson, R. (2005) The modeling and measurement of humans in high speed planing boats under repeated vertical impacts. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Bhalla, KS, Takahashi, Y, Shin, J, Kam, CY, Murphy, DB, Drinkwater, DC, Crandall, JR. (2005) Experimental Investigation of the Response of the Human Lower Limb to the Pedestrian Impact Loading Environment. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 114: 459-472. Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-1877.

Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD, Pellettiere, JA, Rizer, AL. (2005) Limiting Performance Analysis of Biomechanical Systems for Optimal Injury Control - Part 1: Theory and Methodology. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 10(6): 567-577.

Cheng, ZQ, Rizer, AL, Pellettiere, JA, Pilkey, WD. (2005) Limiting Performance Analysis of Biomechanical Systems for Optimal Injury Control - Part 2: Applications. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 10(6): 579-587.

Crandall, JR, Akiyama, A, Longhitano, D, Wiley, K. (2005) Development of Performance Specifications for a Pedestrian Research Dummy. Paper 05-0389, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Forman, J, Kent, RW, Ali, T, Crandall, JR, Bostrom, O, Haland, Y. (2005) Biomechanical Considerations for the Optimization of an Advanced Restraint System: Assessing the Benefit of a Second Shoulder Belt. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Forman, J, Kent, RW, Bolton, JR, Evans, J. (2005) A Method for the Experimental Investigation of Acceleration as a Mechanism of Aortic Injury. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars 114(6): 98-110. Based on Paper 2005-01-0295, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Forman, J, Kent, RW, Bostrom, O. (2005) Investigating the force-deflection response of the human thorax under differentially force-limited 3+2 restraint loading. Poster. Proceedings of the 1st Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Ivarsson, BJ, Kerrigan, JR, Lessley, DJ, Drinkwater, DC, Kam, CY, Murphy, DB, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW. (2005) Dynamic Response Corridors of the Human Thigh and Leg in Non-Midpoint Three-Point Bending. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 114(6): 193-204. Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-0305.

Ivarsson, BJ, Longhitano, D, Henary, BY, Crandall, JR. (2005) Significance of adult pedestrian torso injury. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 49: 263-277.

Kam, CY, Kerrigan, JR, Meissner, MU, Drinkwater, C, Murphy, DB, Bolton, JR, Arregui, C, Kendall, R, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, J, Kerkeling, C, Hahn, W. (2005) Design of a full-scale impact system for analysis of vehicle pedestrian collisions. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 114(6): 2268-2282. Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-1875.

Kent, RW, Henary, BY, Matsuoka, F. (2005) On the Fatal Crash Experience of Older Drivers. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 49: 371-391.

Kent, RW, Lee, S, Darvish, KK, Wang, S, Poster, C. Lange, A, Brede, C, Lange, D. (2005) Structural and Material Changes in the Aging Thorax and Their Role in Crash Protection for Older Occupants. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 49: 231-249.

Kent, RW, Murakami, D, Kobayashi, S. (2005) Frontal Thoracic Response to Dynamic Loading: the Role of Superficial Tissues, Viscera, and the Rib Cage. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kent, RW, Patrie, J. (2005) Chest deflection tolerance to blunt anterior loading is sensitive to age but not to load distribution. Forensic Science International, 149: 121-128.

Kent, RW, Viano, D, Crandall, JR. (2005) The Field Performance of Frontal Air Bags: A Review of the Literature. Traffic Injury Prevention, 6(1): 1-23.

Kent, RW, Woods, WA, Stacey, S, Mattice JM. (2005) Age correlation of the Yorkshire pig (sus scrofa domestica) to the human child. Poster presented at the Pediatric Research Symposium, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, May 2005.

Kerrigan, JR, Drinkwater, DC, Murphy, DB, Kam, CY, Crandall, JR. (2005) Comparison of Full Scale Pedestrian Impact Tests with PMHS and a Pedestrian Dummy. Proceedings of the 1st Injury Biomechanics Symposium at the OhioStateUniversity.

Kerrigan, JR, Kam, CY, Drinkwater, DC, Murphy, DB, Bose, D, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR. (2005) Kinematic comparison of the Polar-II and PMHS in pedestrian impact tests with a sport-utility vehicle. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kerrigan, JR, Murphy, DB, Drinkwater, DC, Kam, CY, Bose, D, Crandall, JR. (2005) Kinematic Corridors for PMHS Tested in Full-Scale Pedestrian Impact Tests. Paper 05-0394, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Lee, SH, Darvish, KK, Lobovsky, L. (2005) Modeling of the material properties and fluid-structure interaction in the traumatic rupture of aorta. Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Longhitano, D, Burke, C, Bean, J, Watts, D, Fakhry, S, Meissner, MU, Ivarsson, BJ, Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Takahashi, Y, Kadotani, Y, Hitchcock, R, Kinoshita, Y. (2005) Application of the CIREN Methodology to the Study of Pedestrian Crash Injuries. Paper 05-0404, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Longhitano, D, Henary, BY, Bhalla, KS, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR. (2005) Influence of Vehicle Body Type on Pedestrian Injury Distribution. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 114(6): 2283-2288. Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-1876.

 

Longhitano, D, Ivarsson, BJ, Henary, BY, Crandall, JR. (2005) Torso Injury Trends for Pedestrians Struck by Cars and LTV's. Paper 05-0411, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Lucas, SR, Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Folk, J, Donnellan, L, Paskoff, G, Shender, B. (2005) Material Properties and Failure Characteristics of Cervical Spinal Ligaments under High-Rate Loading. Aerospace Medical Association Conference. Kansas City, MO.

Lucas, SR, Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Planchak, C, Ziemba, A, Shender, B, Paskoff, G. (2005) Failure Properties of Cervical Spinal Ligaments under High-Rate Loading. American Society of Biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics Conference. Cleveland, OH.

Millington, SA, Grabner, M, Hurwitz, SR, Crandall, JR. (2005) Quantitation of Ankle Joint Surface Topography and Cartilage Thickness Mapping using a High Resolution Stereophotogrammetric Technique. Transactions of the 51st Meeting of the Orthopedic Research Society, Washington, DC.

Millington, SA, Tang, J, Hurwitz, SR, Crandall, JR, Acton ST. (2005) Quantitative MRI Study of Human Ankle Articular Cartilage: A Comparison of an Isotropic and Non Isotropic Technique. Transactions of the 51st Meeting of the Orthopedic Research Society, Washington, DC.

Minary Jolandan, M, van Dommelen, J, Ivarsson, BJ, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2005) The influence of age on the tensile properties of the porcine collateral knee ligaments. Proceedings of the ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference.

Oyen, M, Murakami, D, Kent, RW. (2005) Mechanical characterization of costal cartilage. Proceedings of the 33rd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Rath, A, Manoogian, S, Duma, SM, Bolton, B, Crandall, JR. (2005) An Evaluation of a Fiber Optic Based Sensor for Measuring Chest and Abdominal Deflection. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 114(6): Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-0745.

Shaw, CG, Lessley, DJ, Bolton, JR, Crandall, JR, Belford, L, Hunter, J. (2005) Sled Test Trials of 3-D Point Tracking System. Proceedings of the 33rd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Shaw, CG, Lessley, DJ, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW. (2005) Elimination of Thoracic Muscle Tensing Effects for Frontal Crash Dummies. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 114(6): 205-219. Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-0307.

Shaw, CG, Lessley, DJ, Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2005) Dummy Torso Response to Anterior Quasi-Static Loading. Paper 05-0371, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Sherwood, CP, Abdelilah, Y, Crandall, JR. (2005) The Effect of Swedish Tethers on the Performance of Rear Facing Child Restraints in Frontal Crashes. Paper 05-0346, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Stevens, S, Saggese, J, Eichelberger, M. (2005) Sled Tests and CIREN data illustrating the benefits of booster seats. International. Journal of Crashworthiness. 10(4): 351-357.

Sherwood, CP, Gopalan, S, Abdelilah, Y, Marshall, R, Crandall, JR. (2005) Vehicle Interior Interactions and Kinematics of Rear Facing Child Restraints in Frontal Crashes. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 49: 215-228.

Stacey, S, Mattice, JM, Kindig, M, Forman, J, Woods, WA, Evans, J, Kent, RW. (2005) Response of the pediatric abdomen to seatbelt loading using a porcine model. Proceedings of the 33rd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Takahashi, Y, Kikuchi, Y, Okamoto, M, Akiyama, A, Ivarsson, BJ, Bose, D, Subit, D, Shin, J, Crandall, JR. (2005) Biofidelity Evaluation for the Knee and Leg of the Polar Pedestrian Dummy. Paper 05-0280, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Untaroiu, CD, Allaire, P. (2005) Generalized influence coefficient method for rotor balancing using linear matrix inequality techniques. IMECE2005-81598, Design Engineering Division (Publication) DE, v 118 B(2), Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Division 2005, p:1073-1078.

Untaroiu, CD, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, JT. (2005) A Finite Element Model of the Lower Limb for Simulating Pedestrian Impacts. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 49: 157-181.

Untaroiu, CD, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, JT. (2005) Characterization of the Lower Limb Soft Tissues in Pedestrian Finite Element Models. Paper 05-0250, Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Untaroiu, CD, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, JT. (2005) Identification of Viscoelastic Properties of Human Medial Collateral Ligament using Finite Element Optimization, 20th Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics.

Untaroiu, CD, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, JT. (2005) Validation of a Finite Element Model of the Human Lower Limb in Dynamic Lateral Bending. ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference.

Untaroiu, CD, Darvish, KK, Lee, SH, Shin, J, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, JT. (2005) Validation of the Material Properties of Human Lower Limb Muscle and Fat in Lateral Impact Tests. ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference.

van Dommelen, J, Ivarsson, BJ, Minary Jolandan, M, Millington, SA, Raut, M, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Diduch, D. (2005) Characterization of the Rate-Dependent Mechanical Properties and Failure of Human Knee Ligaments. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 114(6): 80-90. Based on SAE Paper 2005-01-0293.

van Dommelen, J, Minary Jolandan, M, Ivarsson, BJ, Millington, SA, Raut, M, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Diduch, D. (2005) Pedestrian Injuries: viscoelastic properties of human knee ligaments at high loading rates. Traffic Injury Prevention, 6:278-287.

Ali, T, Forman, J, Mattice, JM, Kent, RW. (2004) Studying 3-D deformation of the thorax under load using computed tomography imaging. Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on the 3-D Analysis of Human Movement, Tampa, Florida.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD. (2005) Capabilities of helmets for preventing head injuries induced by ballistic impacts. Shock and Vibration, 11: 547-562.

Balandin, DV, Kogan, MM, Fedyukov, AA. (2004) Optimum Damping of the Oscillations of a Pendulum with Uncertain External and Parametric Perturbations. Pmm Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 68(2): 269-278.

Bass, CR, Davis, M, Rountree, S, Harris, RM, Sanderson, E, Andrefsky, W, DiMarco, G, Zielinski, M. (2004) A Test Methodology for Assessing Explosive Ordnance Disposal Suits for the Advanced Bomb Program. Personal Armour Systems Symposium (PASS).

Bass, CR, Folk, B, Salzar, RS, Davis, M, Donnellan, L, Harris, R, Rountree, M, Gardner, M, Harcke, T, Rouse, E, Oliver, W, Sanderson, E, Waclawik, S, Holthe, M, Hauck, B. (2004) Development of a Test Methodology To Evaluate Mine Protective Footwear. Personal Armor Systems Symposium (PASS) The Hague, NL.

Bass, CR, Kent, RW, Salzar, RS, Millington, SA, Davis, M, Folk, B, Lucas, SR, Donnellan, L, Murakami, D, Kobayashi, S. (2004) Development of Injury Criteria for Pelvic Fracture in Frontal Crashes. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Bose, D, Bhalla, KS, van Rooij, L, Millington, SA, Studley, A, Crandall, JR. (2004) Response of the Knee Joint to the Pedestrian Impact Loading Environment. Paper 2004-01-1608, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Chawla, A, Mukherjee, S, Mohan, D, Bose, D, Rawat, P, Nakatani, T, Sakurai, M. (2004) FE Simulations of Motorcycle-Car Frontal Crashes, Validations and Observations (Updated version of Chawla et al. 2003, ESV) JARI Research Journal, 10: 37-43.

Cheng, ZQ, Crandall, JR, Darvish, KK, Pilkey, WD. (2004) Limiting performance analysis of toepan padding for mitigating lower limb injuries. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 218(D): 619-628.

Darvish, KK, Lobovsky, L, Lee, SH. (2004) Analysis and Modeling of Aortic Tissue Material Properties. Paper IMECE 2004-61784, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and RD&D Congress.

Darvish, KK, Stone, J. (2004) Changes in Viscoelastic Properties of Brain Tissue Due to Traumatic Injury. Paper IMECE2004-60849, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and RD&D Congress.

Duma, SM, Hansen, G, Kennedy, E, Rath, A, McNallly, C, Kemper, A, Smith, E, Brolinson, G, Stitzel, J, Davis, M, Bass, CR, Brozoski, F, McEnrire, J, Alem, N, Crowley, J. (2004) Upper Extremity Interaction with a Helicopter Side: Injury Criteria for Dynamic Hyperextension of the Female Elbow Joint. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 48: 155-176.

Funk, JR, Crandall, JR. (2004) Calculation of Long Bone Loading Using Strain Gauges. Proceedings of the 32nd Injury Biomechanics Research Workshop.

Funk, JR, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR. (2004) Dynamic Bending Tolerance and elastic-plastic material properties of the human femur. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 48: 212-233.

Funk, JR, Rudd, RW, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR. (2004) The Effect of Tibial Curvature and Fibular Loading on the Tibia Index. Traffic Injury Prevention, 5(2):164-172.

Hayda, R, Harris, R, Bass, CR. (2004) Blast injury research: Modeling injury effects of landmines, bullets, and bombs. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 422: 97-108.

Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Longhitano, D, Okamoto, M. (2004) Lateral injury criteria for the 6-year-old pedestrian - Part I. Criteria for the head, neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Paper 2004-01-0323, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Longhitano, D, Okamoto, M. (2004) Lateral injury criteria for the 6-year-old pedestrian - Part II. Criteria for the upper and lower extremities. Paper 2004-01-1755, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Ivarsson, BJ, Lessley, DJ, Kerrigan, JR, Bhalla, KS, Bose, D, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW. (2004) Dynamic Response Corridors and Injury Thresholds of the Pedestrian Lower Extremities. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kent, RW, Bass, CR, Woods, WA, Salzar, RS. (2004) The Role of Muscle Tensing on the Force Deflection Response of the Thorax and a Reassessment of Frontal Impact Thoracic Biofidelity Corridors. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kent, RW, Funk, JR. (2004) Data Censoring and Parametric Distribution Assignment in the Development of Injury Risk Functions from Biomechanical. Paper 2004-01-0317, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Kent, RW, Lessley, DJ, Sherwood, C. (2004) Thoracic response to Dynamic, Non-Impact Loading from a Hub, Distributed Belt, Diagonal Belt, and Double Diagonal Belts. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 48:495-519.

Kerrigan, JR, Drinkwater, DC, Kam, CY, Murphy, DB, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR. (2004) Tolerance of the Human Leg and Thigh in Dynamic Lateral-Medial 3-Point Bending. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 9(6): 607-623.

Kerrigan, JR, Drinkwater, DC, Kam, CY, Murphy, DB, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR. (2004) Tolerance of the Human Leg and Thigh in Dynamic Lateral-Medial 3-Point Bending. Paper 2004-49, International Crashworthiness Conference.

Kerrigan, JR, Kam, CY, Drinkwater, DC, Murphy, DB, Arregui, C, Millington, SA, Teresinski, G, Bolton, JR, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, JT, Kerkeling, C, Hahn, W. (2004) Full Scale Pedestrian Impact Testing with PMHS: a pilot study. Proceedings of the 32nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Lee, SH, Darvish, KK, Lobovsky, L. (2004) Fluid-Structure Interaction in Finite Element Modeling of Traumatic Aortic Rupture. Paper IMECE2004-61790, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and RD&D Congress.

Lee, SH, Kent, RW, Darvish, K. (2004) Finite element modeling of the aging human thorax: Consideration of material changes and restraint system interaction. Proc. AmeriPam Conference, November.

Lessley, DJ, Crandall, JR, Shaw, CG, Kent, RW, Funk, JR. (2004) A normalization technique for developing corridors from individual subject responses. Paper 2004-01-0288, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Lucas, SR, Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Folk, J, Donnellan, L, Paskoff, G, Shender, B. (2004) Viscoelastic Characterization of Cervical Spinal Ligaments. American Society of Biomechanics Conference. Portland, OR.

Madeley, NJ, Srinivasan, CM, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S, Funk JR. (2004) Retrospective analysis of malleolar fractures in an impact environment. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 48: 235-248.

Mattice, JM, Kent, RW, Raut, M. (2004) Age-Dependent Material Characterization of Porcine Abdominal Organs. Proceedings of the 32nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Meissner, MU, van Rooij, L, Bhalla, KS, Crandall, JR, Longhitano, D, Takahashi, Y, Dokko, Y, Kikuchi, Y. (2004) A Multi-Body Computational Study of the Kinematic and Injury Response of a Pedestrian with Variable Stance upon Impact with a Vehicle. Paper 2004-01-1607, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Miller, T, Zaloshnja, E, Lawrence, B, Crandall, JR, Ivarsson, BJ, Finkelstein, A, Corso, S. (2004) Pedestrian and Pedalcyclist Injury Costs in the United States by Age and Injury Severity. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 48: 265-284.

Millington, SA, Darvish, KK, Ivarsson BJ, McWey, R, Anderson, DG. (2004) Biomechanics & Modelling of Multilevel Cervical Spine Corpectomy Constructs under Axial and Torsional Loading. Poster presented at the 5th combined meeting of the Canadian, USA, Japanese and European Orthopedic Research Societies, Banff, Canada.

Millington, SA, Grabner, M, Hurwitz, S, Crandall, JR. (2004) Cartilage thickness mapping and surface topography of the ankle joint using high resolution stereophotography. British Orthopaedic Foot Surgery Society (BOFSS) Annual Meeting, Cheshire, UK. (abstract in Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 87-B Supplement III)

Millington, SA, Tang, J, Acton, S, Hurwitz, S, Crandall, JR. (2004) A Stereophotographic Study of Ankle Cartilage Thickness: Distribution and Surface Topography. Osteoarthritis Research Society International 9th World Congress, Chicago.

Millington, SA, Tang, J, Hurwitz, S, Acton, S, Crandall, JR. (2004) Quantitative Measurement of Ankle Cartilage Using an Isotropic MRI Sequence and a Directional Gradient Vector Flow Snake. Osteoarthritis Research Society International 9th World Congress, Chicago.

Murakami, D, Kitagawa, Y, Kobayashi, S, Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2004) Development and Validation of a Finite Element Model of a Vehicle Occupant. Paper 2004-01-0325, Society of Automotive Engineers International Congress and Exposition, DetroitMichigan.

 

Rafaels, KA, Kerrigan, JR, Langrana, N, Lin, D. (2004) Molecular modeling as a visualization tool in design of DNA crosslinked polyacrylamide. Proceedings of the ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition; Nov 13-19;

Anaheim, California.

Roudsari, B, Mock, C, Kaufman, R, Grossman, D, Henary, B, Crandall, JR. (2004) Pedestrian crashes: higher injury severity and mortality rate for light truck vehicles compared with passenger vehicles. Injury Prevention, 10(3): 154-158.

Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Millington, SA, Hurwitz, S, Hoglund, N. (2004) Injury Tolerance and Response of the Ankle Joint in Dynamic Dorsiflexion. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 48:1-26.

Rudd, RW, Kitagawa, Y, Crandall, JR, Poteau, F. (2004) Evaluation of Energy-Absorbing Materials as a Means to Reduce Foot/Ankle Axial Load Injury Risk. Journal of Automobile Engineering. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 218(D3):279-293.

Sanghavi, P, Bose, D, Kerrigan, JR, Madeley, NJ, Crandall, JR. (2004) Non-contact strain measurement of biological tissue. Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 40:51-6.

Sherwood, CP, Abdelilah, Y, Crandall, JR, Stevens, S, Saggese, J, Eichelberger, M. (2004) The Performance of Various Rear Facing Child Restraint Systems in a Frontal Crash. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 48: 303-321.

Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Stevens, S, Saggese, J, Eichelberger, M. (2004) Sled tests and CIREN data illustrating the benefits of booster seats. International Crashworthiness Conference.

Untaroiu, CD, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR, Deng, B, Wang, JT. (2004) Development and Validation of a Finite Element Model of the Lower Limb. Paper 2004-61583, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and RD&D Conference and Exposition, Transportation 2004: Transportation and Environment, p. 53-62.

van Rooij, L, Meissner, MU, Bhalla, KS, Crandall, JR, Longhitano, D, Takahashi, Y, Dokko, Y, Kikuchi, Y. (2004) A comparative evaluation of pedestrian kinematics and injury prediction for adults and children upon impact with a passenger car. Paper 2004-01-1606, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD. (2003) Control science for injury prevention. Proceedings of the International Conference of Physics and Control.

Bass, CR, Boggess, B, Davis, M, Sanderson, E, Di Marco, G, Chichester, C. (2003) ‘A Dummy-Based Methodology for Evaluating Demining Personal Protective Ensembles for AP Landmines’, Specialist Conference on Human Factors in Medicine, Koblenz, Germany, May 2003.

Bass, CR, et al, ‘A Madymo Model for Shock Mitigation in High Speed Planing Craft’, 6th Annual Multiagency Craft Conference, Norfolk, Virginia, June 2003.

Bass, CR, Lucas, SR, Salzar, RS, van Rooij, L, Pilkey, WD, Peterson, R, Martin, S. (2003) Human Biodynamic Response to High Speed Craft Shock Loading. SAVIAC Conference.

Bass, CR, Lucas, SR, Salzar, RS, van Rooij, L. (2003) Computational Modeling of High Speed Boat Occupants. MAAC Conference. Norfolk, VA.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Davis, M, Lucas, SR, Donnellan, L, Folk, B, Sanderson, E, Waclawik, S. (2003) Injury Risk in Behind Armor Blunt Thoracic Trauma. Personal Armor Systems Symposium. The Hague, Netherlands.

Bhalla, KS, Bose, D, Madeley, NJ, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR, Longhitano, D, Takahashi, Y. (2003) Evaluation of the response of mechanical pedestrian knee joint impactors to bending and shear loading. Paper 429, Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Bose, D, Kerrigan, JR, Ivarsson, BJ, Madeley, NJ, Millington, SA, Bhalla, KS, Crandall, JR. (2003) Non-Contact Area Measurement Techniques for Cross Sectional Properties of Soft Tissues. Paper IMECE2003-43488. 2003 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition.

Chawla, A, Mukherjee, S, Mohan, D, Bose, D, Singh, J, Sakurai, M, Nakatani T. (2003) Finite Element Simulation of Car-Motorcycle Frontal Crashes, Validation and Observation. Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Crandall, JR, Kent, RW, Viano, D, Bass, CR. (2003) The Biomechanics of Inflatable Restraints - Occupant Protection and Induced Injury, in Air Bag Development and Performance: New Perspectives from Industry, Government and Academia, R. Kent (ed.), PT-88, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.

Darvish, KK, Lee, SH. (2003) Finite Element Model for Traumatic Aortic Injury. 2nd International Conference on Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, Bethesda, MD.

Darvish, KK. (2003) Material Properties of Aorta Determined from Dynamic Biaxial Tests, 2nd International Conference on Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, Bethesda, MD.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Bass, CR, Crandall, JR. (2003) Injury Risk Functions for the 5th Percentile Female Upper Extremity. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 112(6): 124-132. Based on SAE Paper 2003-01-0166.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S, Seki, K, Aoki, T. (2003) Upper extremity interaction with a deploying side airbag: a characterization of elbow joint loading. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 35(3): 417-425.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Crandall, JR, MacMahon, C. (2003) Injury risk function for the small female wrist in axial loading, Accident Analysis & Prevention. 35(6):869-75.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Seki, K, Aoki, T. (2003) Fifth percentile female dummy upper extremity interaction with a deploying side air bag. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 217(D2): 79-86.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Rudd, RW, Kent, RW. (2003) Small female head and neck interaction with a deploying side air bag. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 35(5): 811-816.

Funk, JR, Rudd, RW, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR. (2003) Analysis of Tibial Curvature, Fibular Loading, and the Tibia Index. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Funk, JR, Srinivasan, S, Crandall, JR. (2003) Snowboarder's talus fractures experimentally produced by eversion and dorsiflexion. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 31(6):921-928.

Henary, BY, Crandall, JR, Bhalla, KS, Mock, C, Roudsari, B. (2003) Child and Adult Pedestrian Impacts: The Influence of Vehicle Type on Injury Severity. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 47: 105-126.

Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Hall, GW, Pilkey, WD. (2003) Biomechanics. In The CRC Handbook of Mechanical Engineering, 2nd edition. Edited by Kreith, F. and Goswami, Y, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.

Kent, RW, Bass, CR, Woods, WA, Sherwood, CP, Madeley, NJ, Salzar, RS, Kitagawa, Y. (2003) Muscle tetanus and loading condition effects on the elastic and viscous characteristics of the thorax. Traffic Injury Prevention; 4(4): 297-314.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2003) International harmonization of side impact standards: vehicle design and thoracic injury criteria trends. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 31(1/2): 158-172.

Kent, RW, Funk, JR, Crandall, JR. (2003) How future trends in societal aging, airbag availability, belt use, and fleet composition will affect serious injury risk in the United States. Traffic Injury Prevention, 4(1): 24-32.

Kent, RW, Lessley, DJ, Shaw, CG, Crandall, JR. (2003) The utility of Hybrid III and THOR chest deflection for discriminating between standard and force-limiting belt systems. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 47:267-297.

Kent, RW, Patrie, J, Benson, N. (2003) The Hybrid III dummy as a discriminator of injurious and non-injurious restraint loading. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine 2003; 47:51-75.

Kent, RW, Patrie, J, Poteau, F, Matsuoka, F, Mullen, C. (2003) Development of an age-dependent thoracic injury criterion for frontal impact restraint loading. Paper 72, Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Kent, RW, Shaw, CG, Lessley, DJ, Crandall, JR, Kallieris, D, Svensson, M. (2003) Comparison of belted Hybrid III, THOR, and cadaver thoracic responses in oblique frontal and full frontal sled tests. SAE Transactions, 112(6): 71-84. Based on SAE Paper 2003-01-0160.

Kent, RW, Sherwood, CP, Lessley, DJ, Overby, B, Matsuoka, F. (2003) Age-related changes in the effective stiffness of the human thorax using four loading conditions. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kent, RW, Viano, D, Crandall, JR. (2003) Field Performance of Frontal Air bags, in Air Bag Development and Performance: New Perspectives from Industry, Government and Academia. Edited by R. Kent, RW, Strother, C, Crandall, JR, Mellander, H, Griswold, C, SAE.

Kent, RW, Viano, D, Crandall, JR. (2003) The Field Performance of Frontal Air Bags in Air Bag Development and Performance: New Perspectives from Industry, Government and Academia, R. Kent (ed.), PT-88, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Kerrigan, JR, Bhalla, KS, Madeley, NJ, Crandall, JR, Deng, B. (2003) Response Corridors for the Human Leg in 3-Point Lateral Bending. The 7th US National Congress on Computational Mechanics.

Kerrigan, JR, Bhalla, KS, Madeley, NJ, Funk, JR, Bose, D, Crandall, JR. (2003) Experiments for Establishing Pedestrian - Impact Lower Limb Injury Criteria. Paper 2003-01-0895, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Kerrigan, JR, Ivarsson, BJ, Bose, D, Madeley, NJ, Millington, SA, Bhalla, KS, Crandall, JR. (2003) Rate sensitive constitutive and failure properties of human knee collateral ligaments. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Lessley, DJ, Crandall, JR, Kent, RW, Shaw, CG. (2003) Normalization technique for developing corridors for individual subject force-deflection responses. Proceedings of the 31st International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Okamoto, M, Takahashi, Y, Mori, F, Hitosugi, M, Madeley, NJ, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR. (2003) Development of Finite Element Model for Child Pedestrian Protection. Paper 151, Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Shaw, CG. (2003) Response of the Thor-Lx and Hybrid III Lower Extremities in Frontal Sled Tests. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 112(6): 85-96. Based on SAE Paper 2003-01-0161.

Rudd, RW, Shaw, CG, Crandall, JR. (2003) Fifth Percentile Female Hybrid III and Thor-FLx Performance in Sled Tests with Toepan Intrusion. Paper 491, Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Shaw, CG, Gillispie, TL. (2003) Appropriate protection for wheelchair riders on public transit buses. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 40(4): 309-320.

Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Ferguson, S. (2003) Factors Leading to Crash Fatalities to Children Placed in Child Restraints. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 47: 343-359.

Sherwood, CP, Shaw, CG, van Rooij, L, Kent, RW, Gupta, P, Crandall, JR, Orzechowski, K, Eichelberger, M, Kallieris, D. (2003) Prediction of cervical spine injury risk for the 6-year-old child in frontal crashes. Traffic Injury Prevention, 4(3): 206-213.

Takhounts, E, Crandall, JR, Darvish, KK. (2003) On the Importance of Nonlinearity of Brain Tissue Under Large Deformations. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 47: 85-102.

van Rooij, L, Bhalla, KS, Meissner, MU, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Longhitano, D, Takahashi, Y, Kikuchi, Y. (2003) Pedestrian Crash Reconstruction using Multi-body Modeling with Geometrically Detailed Validated, Vehicle Models and Advanced Pedestrian Injury Criteria. Paper 468, Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

van Rooij, L, Meissner, MU, Bhalla, KS, Crandall, JR. (2003) The Evaluation of the Kinematics of the MADYMO Human Pedestrian Model Against Experimental Tests and the Influence of a More Biofidelic Knee Joint. TNO MADYMO 5th Users’ Meeting of the Americas.

 

van Rooij, L, Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR, Orzechowski, K, Eichelberger, M. (2003) The Effects of Vehicle Seat Belt Parameters on the Injury Risk for Children in Booster Seats. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars 113(6): 470-482. Based on SAE Paper 2003-01-0500.

van Rooij, L, Sherwood, CP, Crandall, JR. (2003) A Comparison of the Injury Risk for 12-Month-Old Children in Forward and Rearward Facing Seats and the Effect of a Front-row Seat. TNO MADYMO 5th Users’ Meeting of the Americas.

van Rooij, L, van Hoof, J, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR. (2003) The development, validation and application of a finite element upper extremity model subjected to air bag loading. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 47: 55-78.

Woods, WA, Sherwood, CP, Ivarsson, BJ, Crandall, JR, Orzechowski, K, Eichelberger, M. (2003) A Review of Pediatric Pedestrian Injuries at a Level I TraumaCenter. Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Bass, CR, Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, George, S, Kuppa, S, Khaewpong, N, Sun, E, Eppinger, R. (2002) Comparison of upper extremity test devices for the evaluation of frontal air bags. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 216(D):795-803.

Bass, CR, Rountree, S, Ling, G, Sanderson, E, Andrefsky, W, Chichester, C, Salzar, RS, Davis, M, Harris, R. (2002) Head and Thoracic Injury Risk in Humanitarian Deminers. UXO Conference, Orlando, FL.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Lucas, SR, Donnellan, L, Folk, B, van Rooij, L, Pilkey, WD. (2002) Medical consensus working group on shock mitigation for high speed planing boat occupants. United States Special Warfare Command. San Diego, CA.

Bass, CR, van Rooij, L. (2002) Modeling Shock Mitigation in High Speed Planing Craft. 5th AnnualMultiagency Craft Conference, Norfolk, Virginia.

Bass, CR. (2002) Behind armor blunt trauma. Proceedings of the 4th World Congress of Biomechanics, Calgary, Canada.

Bass, CR. (2002) Human Injury Criteria in Blast (Invited), Conference on Human Injury in Blast, Conference on Human Injury in Blast, Alexandria, VA, Aug, 2002.

Bhalla, KS, Montazemi, P, Crandall, JR, Yang, J, Liu, X, Dokko, Y, Takahashi, Y, Kikuchi, Y, Longhitano, D. (2002) Vehicle impact velocity prediction from pedestrian throw distance: Trade-offs between throw formulae, crash simulators, and detailed multi-body modeling. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Bose, D, Sanghavi, P, Kerrigan, JR, Madeley, NJ, Bhalla, KS, Crandall, JR. (2002) Material Characterization of Ligaments using Non-Contact Strain Measurement and Digitization. Proceedings of the 30th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Choi, H, Lee, I, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR, Haug, E. (2002) Hydrodynamic Simulation of Aortic Rupture. JSAE Annual Congress, Yokohama, Japan.

Copper, CD, Pilkey, WD. (2002) Thermoelasticity Solutions for Straight Beams. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 69(3): 224-229.

Crandall, JR, Bhalla, KS, Madeley, NJ. (2002) Designing road vehicles for pedestrian safety. British Medical Journal, 324: 1145-1148.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2002) A Parametric Study on the Effect of the Peripheral Cerebrospinal Fluid on Finite Element Model of Brain Injury. Biomedical Engineering Recent Developments: Proceedings of the Twenty First Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2002) Influence of Brain Material Properties and Boundary Conditions on Brain Response during Dynamic Loading. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2002) The Effect of Axonal Injury on the Material Properties of Brain Tissue. Proceedings of the 4th World Congress of Biomechanics, Calgary, Canada.

Darvish, KK, Overby, B, Crandall, JR. (2002) Dynamic Material Property Characterization of Human Aorta. in Biomedical Engineering Recent Developments, J. Vossoughi (ed.) Proceedings of the 21st Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference.

Darvish, KK;Stone J;Crandall J; (2002) The Effect of Axonal Injury On the Material Properties of Brain Tissue. Proceedings of the 4th Annual World Congress on Biomechanics, Calgary.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Crandall, JR, MacMahon, C. (2002) Fracture Tolerance of the Small Female Elbow Joint in Compression: The Effect of Load Angle Relative to the Long Axis of the Forearm. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 46: 195-210. Based on SAE Paper 2002-22-0010.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Crandall, JR, MacMahon, C. (2002) Injury risk function for the small female wrist. Proceedings of the 4th World Congress of Biomechanics, Calgary, Canada.

Duma, SM, Jernigan, V, Stitzel, J, Herring, I, Crowley, J, Brozoski, F, Bass, CR. (2002) The Effect of Frontal Air Bags on Eye Injury Patterns in Automobile Crashes. Archives of Ophthalmology, 120(11): 1517-1522.

Duma, SM, Jernigan, V, Stitzel, JD, Herring, IP, Crowley, JS, Brozoski, FT, Bass, CR. (2002) The effect of frontal air bags on eye injury patterns in automobile crashes. Archives of Ophthalmology. 120(11): 1517-1522.

Duma, SM, Schreiber, P, McMaster, J, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR. (2002) Fracture Tolerance of the Male Forearm: the effect of Pronation versus Supination. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers 216(D):649-654.

Duma, SM, Stitzel, J, Ryan, L, Crandall, JR. (2002) Determination of Bone Mineral Content in Cadaveric Test Specimens. Journal of the Southern Orthopedic Association, 11(2): 80-87.

Funk, JR, Crandall, JR, Tourret, L, MacMahon, C, Bass, CR, Khaewpong, K, Eppinger, R. (2002) The Axial Injury Tolerance of the Human Foot/Ankle Complex and the Effect of Achilles Tension. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 124: 750-757.

Funk, JR, Rudd, RW, Srinivasan, S, King, R, Crandall, JR, Petit, P. (2002) Methodology for Measuring Tibial and Fibular Loads in a Cadaver. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 111(6): 960-969. Based on SAE Paper 2002-01-0682.

Funk, JR, Srinivasan, S, Crandall, JR, Khaewpong, N, Eppinger, R, Jaffredo, A, Potier, P, Petit, P. (2002) The Effects of Axial Preload and Dorsiflexion on the Tolerance of the Ankle/Subtalar Joint to Dynamic Inversion and Eversion. Paper 2002-22-0013, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Funk, JR, Srinivasan, S, Crandall, JR, Khaewpong, N, Eppinger, R, Jaffredo, A, Potier, P, Petit, P. (2002) The Effects of Axial Preload and Dorsiflexion on the Tolerance of the Ankle/Subtalar Joint to Dynamic Inversion and Eversion. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 46:245-266. Based on SAE Paper 2002-22-0013.

Kent, RW, Bass, CR, Woods, WA, Sherwood, CP, Madeley, NJ, Salzar, RS, Crandall, JR. (2002) The Use of a Postmortem Porcine Model to Study the Effect of Muscle Tetanus on Thoracic Force-Deflection Response. Proceedings of the 30th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Patrie, J, Fertile, J. (2002) Radiographic detection of rib fractures: a restraint-based study of occupants in car crashes. Traffic Injury Prevention, 3(1): 49-57.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Rudd, RW, Lessley, DJ. (2002) Load Distribution-Specific Viscoelastic Characterization of the Hybrid III Chest. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems, 111(6): 199-210. Based on SAE Paper 2002-01-0024.

Kent, RW, Funk, JR, Crandall, JR. (2002) U.S. injury trends projected to 2012: the influence of an aging population. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine; 46:157-75.

Kent, RW. (2002) Dynamic Response of the Thorax: Restraint-Specific Hard Tissue Injury Prediction. Ph.D. dissertation published by the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia.

Konishi, T, Allaire, P, Untaroiu, CD. (2002) Modal analysis of a large turbine-generator system with foundation effects. 6th International Conference on Rotor Dynamics. Sydney Australia, p: 846-854.

Paskoff, G, Lakner, M, Funk, JR, Kerrigan, JR, Crandall, JR. (2002) Effect of Thigh Gap on Femur Impact during Ejection of Large Aviators. 40th Annual Safety and Flight Equipment (SAFE) Conference, Jacksonville, FL.

Power, ED, Duma, SM, Stitzel, JD, Herring, IP, West, RL, Bass, CR, Crowley, JS, Brozoski, FT. (2002) Computer Modeling Of Airbag-Induced Ocular Injury In Pilots Wearing Night Vision Goggles. Aviation Space & Medicine, 73(10): 1000-1006.

Reagan, S, Pilkey, WD. (2002) Constrained torsion of prismatic bars. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 38: 909-919

Shaw, CG, Crandall, JR, Butcher, J. (2002) Comparative Evaluation of the THOR Advanced Frontal Crash Test Dummy. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 7(3): 239-253.

Shaw, CG, Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Luo, F. (2002) Comparative Evaluation of Dummy Response with Thor-Lx/Hillr and Hybrid III Lower Extremities. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 111(6): 175-186. Based on SAE Paper 2002-01-0016.

Sherwood, CP, Shaw, CG, van Rooij, L, Kent, RW, Gupta, P, Crandall, JR, Orzechowski, K, Eichelberger, M, Kallieris, D. (2002) Prediction of cervical spine injury risk for the 6-year-old child in frontal crashes. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 46: 231-247.

Srinivasan, S, Funk, JR, Crandall, JR. (2002) Lateral process of Talus (Snowboarder’s Fracture) – Mechanism of Injury.  Orthopaedic Proceedings: British Orthopaedic Association, Cardiff. (abstract in Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 85-B Supp. II)

Stitzel, J, Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Bass, CR, Crandall, JR. (2002) Frequency Content Analysis and Filter Class Selection for the Small Female Instrumented Upper Extremity. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 111(6) (2002): 1202-1216. Based on SAE Paper 2002-01-0806.

van Hoof, J, van Rooij, L, Crandall, JR. (2002) A Numerical Model Predicting Upper Extremity Fractures due to Airbag Deployment. Proceedings of the 4th World Congress of Biomechanics, Calgary, Canada.

van Rooij, L, van Hoof, J. (2002) The Utility of Multi-Body Modeling for Crash Reconstruction and Medical Assessment of Injury Causation. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 46: 341-345.

Woods, WA, Kent, RW, Ullman, E, Bass, CR. (2002) Effect of multiple exhalation ports in a simulation of trantracheal ventilation with a porcine model of an obstructed airway. AmericanAcademy of Pediatrics 2002 National Conference and Exhibition, Boston, Massachusetts.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD. (2001) Capabilities of Helmets for Preventing Head Injury Induced by Ballistic Impacts.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD. (2001) Limiting Performance Analysis of Impact Isolation Systems for Injury Prevention. Shock and Vibration Digest, 33: 453-472.

Bass, CR, Boggess, B, Bush, B. (2001) Ballistic Helmet Backface Deformation Testing with a Dummy Subject. Cranfield Impact Conference, Cranfield, England.

Bass, CR, Boggess, B, Davis, M, Chichester, C, Bergeron, D, Sanderson, E, DiMarco, G. (2001) A Methodology for Evaluating Demining Personal Protective Equipment for Antipersonnel Landmines. UXO/Countermine Forum, New Orleans, LA.

Bass, CR, Boggess, B, Davis, M, Sanderson, E, Di Marco, G, Chichester, C. (2000) A Methodology for Evaluating Demining Personal Protective Ensembles for AP Landmines. UXO/Countermine Conference, New Orleans, LA.

Bass, CR, Boggess, B, Davis, M, Sanderson, E, Di Marco, G, Chichester, C. (2000) Effectiveness of Personal Protective Ensembles for the Demining of AP Landmines’, UXO/Countermine Conference, New Orleans, LA.

Bass, CR, Darvish, KK, Bush, B, Crandall, JR, Srinivasan, S, Tribble, C, Tourret, L, Evans, J, Patrie, J, Wang, C. (2001) Material Properties for Modeling Traumatic Aortic Rupture. Paper 2001-22-0006, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Bass, CR, Darvish, KK, Bush, B, Crandall, JR, Srinivasan, S, Tribble, C, Tourret, L, Evans, J, Patrie, J, Wang, C. (2001) Material Properties for Modeling Traumatic Aortic Rupture. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 45: 143-160.

Bass, CR, Salzar, RS, Pilkey, WD. (2001) Biodynamic Analysis of Injury and Shock Mitigation in Naval High-Speed Planing Craft, Shock and Vibration Symposium (SAVIAC), Ft. Walton Beach, FL, November.

Bass, CR. (2000) Ballistic Helmet Backface Deformation Testing with a Dummy Subject. Personal Armor Systems Symposium (PASS-2000), Colchester, England.

Boggess, B, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Duma, SM. (2001) Interaction of the Hand and Wrist with a Door Grip During Side Air Bag Deployment: Simulation Study using the CVS/ATB Multi-Body Program. Paper 2001-01B-191, Society of Automotive Engine

Butcher, J, Shaw, CG, Bass, CR, Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2001) Displacement Measurements in the Hybrid III Chest. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 110(6): 26-31. Based on SAE Paper 2001-01-0118.

Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD, Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Crandall, JR, Shaw, CG. (2001) Optimal Control of Helicopter Seat Cushions for the Reduction of Spinal Injuries. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 6(3): 321-338.

Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD, Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2001) Correlation Analysis of Automobile Crash Responses using Wavelets. Proceedings of the 19th International Modal Analysis Conference, Florida.

Cheng, ZQ, Thacker, JG, Pilkey, WD, Hollowell, W, Reagan, S, Sieveka, S. (2001) Experiences in reverse-engineering of a finite element automobile crash model Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 37: 843-860.

Chichester, C, Bass, CR, Boggess, B, Davis, M, Sanderson, E, DiMarco, G, Bergeron, D. (2001) Effectiveness of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Use in demining Antipersonnel Landmines. UXO/Countermine Forum, New Orleans, LA.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2001) Nonlinear Viscoelastic Effects in Oscillatory Shear Deformation of Brain Tissue. Medical Engineering and Physics, 23: 633-645.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2001) Strain Conditioning in the Dynamic Viscoelastic Response of Brain Tissue. ASME Bioengineering Conference, BED 50.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S. (2001) Analysis of Upper Extremity Response Under Side Air Bag Loading. Paper 195, Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Crandall, JR, MacMahon, C, Hurwitz, S. (2001) Axial Loading Injury Tolerance for the Small Female Wrist. Proceedings of the 29th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Funk, JR, Tourret, L, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, McMaster, J, Khaewpong, N, Eppinger, R. (2001) The Effect of Active Muscle Tension on the Axial Injury Tolerance of the Lower Extremity. Paper 237, Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Harris, RM, Bass, CR, Rountree, MS, Sanderson, E. (2001) Study Of Ballistic Head Injuries During The Non-Penetrating Ballistic Loading Of Helmets. Society Of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons Conference, Vail, Colorado.

Jernigan, M, Duma, SM, Herring, I, Stitzel, J, Bass, CR, Crowley, J, Brozoski, F. (2001) Eye Injury Patterns In Automobile Crashes: The Effect Of Frontal Airbags. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 45: 407-409.

Kent, RW, Bolton, JR, Crandall, JR, Prasad, P, Nusholtz, G, Mertz, H, Kallieris, D. (2001) Restrained Hybrid III dummy-based criteria for thoracic hard tissue injury prediction. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Bolton, JR, Duma, SM. (2001) Comparison and evaluation of contemporary restraint systems in the driver and front-passenger environments. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 215(D): 1-13.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Bolton, JR, Prasad, P, Nusholtz, G, Mertz, H. (2001) The Influence of Superficial Soft Tissues and Restraint Condition on Thoracic Skeletal Injury Prediction. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 45: 183-203.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Butcher, J, Morris, RA. (2001) Sled System Requirements for the Analysis of Side Impact Thoracic Injury and Occupant Protection. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 110(6): 805-813. Based on SAE Paper 2001-01-0721.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2001) A restraint-specific, viscoelastic structural model of the human thorax. Proceedings of the 29th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2001) Boundary condition effects on thoracic deformation response to anterior impact loading. ASME Bioengineering Conference, BED-Vol. 50.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2001) Spinal injury risk assessment for female and small male pilots during ejection loading. Research Conference, Virginia Space Grant Consortium, NASA Langley, Hampton, Virginia.

Kent, RW, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR. (2001) Parametric study of side impact thoracic injury criteria using the MADYMO human body model. Paper 144, Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Martin, PG, Crandall, JR. (2001) Constitutive Modeling of Polymers Subjected to High Strain Rates. SAE Transactions: Journal of Materials and Manufacturing, 110(5): 549-558. Based on SAE Paper 2001-01-0472.

Power, E, Duma, SM, Stitzel, J, Herring, I, West, R, Bass, CR, Crowley, J, Brozoski, F. (2001) A nonlinear finite element model of the human eye to investigate ocular injuries from night vision goggles. Proceedings of the 29th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Hjerpe, E, Haland, Y. (2001) Evaluation of Lower Limb Injury Mitigation from Inflatable Carpet in Sled Tests with Intrusion using the Thor Lx. Paper 149, Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Salzar, RS, Bass, CR, Darvish, KK. (2001) Sonomicrometry in Impact Biomechanics. Proceedings of the 29th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Shaw, CG, Kent, RW, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR. (2001) Spinal kinematics of restrained occupants in frontal impacts. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Sieveka, EM, Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2001) Comparison of seat belt force-limiting methods using the MADYMO multi-body/finite element program. Annual Proceedings/ Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine; 45:11-21.

Srinivasan, S, Sherwood, CP, Funk, JR, Crandall, JR. (2001) Retrospective Assessment of Malleolar Fracture Mechanism in Impact Environment. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 45: 405-407.

Zuby, DS, Nolan, JM, Sherwood, CP. (2001) Effect of Hybrid III Leg Geometry on Upper Tibia Bending Moments. Paper 2001-01-0169, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Bass, CR, Wang, C, Crandall, JR. (2000) Error Analysis of Curvature-Based Contour Measurement Devices. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 109(6): 19-35. Based on SAE Paper 2000-01-0054.

Bass, CR. (2000) Development of a Procedure for Evaluating Demining Protective Equipment. Journal of Mine Action, 4: 18-23.

Bready, JE, Nordhagen, RP, Kent, RW, Jakstis, M. (2000) Characteristics of seat belt restraint system markings. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 109(6):1802-1812. Based on SAE Paper 2000-01-1317.

Butcher, J, Bass, CR, Danish, L. (2000) Deformation Contour Measurement with Fiber Optic Technology. 24th American Society of Biomechanics Annual Conference.

Crandall, JR, Bryant, RG, Harris, RM, Griffin, LV, Rountree, MS, Sanderson, E. (2000) Evaluation of Protective Footwear for Landmine Loading. 5th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Control, New Delhi, India.

Crandall, JR, Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD. (2000) Limiting Performance of Seat Belt System for the Prevention of Thoracic Injuries. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 214(D2): 127-139.

Crandall, JR, Funk, JR, Rudd, RW, Tourret, L. (2000) The Tibia Index: A Step in the Right Direction. in Human Biomechanics and Injury Prevention, edited by J. Kajzer, E. Tanaka, H. Yamada, Springer Verlag, Tokyo.

Crandall, JR, Kent, RW, Patrie, J, Fertile, J, Martin, PG. (2000) Rib fracture patterns and radiologic detection - a restraint-based comparison. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine; 44:235-59.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2000) A Quasilinear Viscoelastic Model for Brain Tissue. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics, Chicago.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2000) Comparison between a Quasilinear and a Nonlinear Viscoelastic Model for Brain Tissue. Advances in Bioengineering, ASME, BED 48.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (2000) Nonlinear Viscoelastic Behavior of Brain Tissue in Oscillatory Shear Deformation. Proceedings of the 28th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Duma SM; (2000) Injury Criteria for the Small Female Upper Extremity. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Virginia.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR. (2000) The Effect of Shoulder Translation and Forearm Pronation on Upper Extremity Loading during Side Airbag Deployment. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S, Pilkey, WD. (2000) Small Female Upper Extremity Interaction with a Deploying Side Airbag. Journal of Crash Prevention and Injury Control, 2(1): 45-61.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Seki, K. (2000) Comparison of the Q3 and Hybrid III 3 Year Old Dummy Head and Neck Response During Side Air Bag Loading. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 214(4): 675-684.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR. (2000) Eye Injuries from Air Bags with Seamless Module Covers. Journal of Trauma, 48(4): 786-789.

Duma, SM, Power, J, Stitzel, J, Jernigan, I, Herring, I, Duncan, R, Pickett, J, Bass, CR. (2000) The Porcine Eye as a Surrogate Model for the Human Eye: Anatomical and Mechanical Relationships. Proceedings of the 28th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Funk JR; (2000) The Effect of Active Muscle Tension On the Axial Impact Tolerance of the Human Foot/Ankle Complex. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Virginia.

Funk, JR, Bass, CR, Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Tourret, L, McMahon, C. (2000) Dynamic Crack Detection in the Human Tibia Using Acoustic Emission. Proceedings of the 28th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Funk, JR, Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (2000) Linear and Quasi-Linear Viscoelastic Characterization of Ankle Ligaments. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 122(1): 15-22.

Funk, JR, Tourret, L, Crandall, JR. (2000) Estimation of Fibula Load-Sharing During Dynamic Axial Loading of the Lower Extremity. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics.

Funk, JR, Tourret, L, Crandall, JR. (2000) Experimentally Produced Tibial Plateau Fractures. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Funk, JR, Tourret, L, George, S, Crandall, JR. (2000) The Role of Axial Loading in Malleolar Fractures. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 109(6): 212-223. Based on SAE Paper 2000-01-0155.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR, Bolton, JR, Duma, SM. (2000) Driver and right-front passenger restraint system interaction, injury potential, and thoracic injury prediction. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine; 44: 261-82.

Kent, RW, Crandall, JR. (2000) Structural Stiffness, Elastic Recovery, and Occupant Inertial Effects on Measured Door Response in a Laterally Struck Vehicle. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 5(3): 235-248.

Makris, J. Nerenberg, J, Dionne, Bass, CR, Chichester, C. (2000) Reduction Of Blast Induced Head Acceleration In The Field Of Anti-Personnel Mine Clearance. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Martin, PG, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Miller, T. (2000) Injury trends of passenger car drivers in frontal crashes in the USA. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 32(4): 541-557.

Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Butcher, J. (2000) Biofidelity Evaluation of Dynamic and Static Response Characteristics of the THOR Lx Dummy Lower Extremity. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 5(2): 127-140.

Shaw, CG, Crandall, JR, Butcher, J. (2000) Biofidelity Evaluation of the THOR Advanced Frontal Crash Test Dummy. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Shaw, CG. (2000) Wheelchair rider risk in motor vehicles: a technical note. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 37(1): 89-100.

Bai, C, Morris, RA, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD. (1999) A Study of Standards for Child Restraint Systems for Impact Tests. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 4(1): 59-70.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD. (1999) On the optimal shock isolation of a system with one and a half degrees of freedom. Shock and Vibration, 6(4): 305-316.

Bass, CR, Crandall, JR, Bolton, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Deployment of Air Bags into the Thorax of an Out-of-Position Dummy. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 108(6): 1468-1482. Based on SAE Paper 1999-01-0764.

Bready, JE, Nordhagen, RP, Kent, RW. (1999) Seat Belt Survey: Identification and Assessment of Noncollision Markings. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 108(6): 737-749. Based on SAE Paper 1999-01-0441.

Bready, JE, Nordhagen, RP, Kent, RW. (1999) Survey results and discussion of noncollision restraint system markings. Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Automotive Technology and Automation, Vienna, Austria.

Cheng Z; Pilkey, WD; Crandall JR. (1999) Limiting Performance of Helmets Under Impact. ASME - Advances in Bioengineering (BED), 42: 711-712.

Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Darvish, KK. (1999) Limiting performance of helmets for the prevention of head injury. Shock and Vibration, 6: 299-320.

Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Wavelet-based limiting performance analysis of mechanical systems subject to transient disturbances. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 33: 233-245.

Crandall, JR, Duma, SM, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD, Kuppa, S, Khaewpong, N, Eppinger, R. (1999) Thoracic Response and Trauma in Air Bag Deployment Tests with Out-of-Position Small Female Surrogates. Journal of Crash Prevention and Injury Control, 1(2): 101-112.

 

Crandall, JR, Funk, JR, Rudd, RW, Tourret, L. (1999) The Tibia Index: A Step in the Right Direction. Proceedings of the

Toyota International Symposium on Human Life Support Biomechanics.

Crandall, JR, Matthews, B, Bass, CR, Bolton, JR. (1999) Viscoelastic characterization of the hybrid III three-year-olds and Q3 dummy necks. Joint AAAM- IRCOBI Conference Session on Child Occupant Protection.

Darvish, KK, Crandall, JR. (1999) Investigating Nonlinear Viscoelastic Properties of Brain Tissue Using the Forced Vibration Method. Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics, Pittsburgh.

Darvish, KK, Takhounts, E, Mathews, B, Crandall, JR. (1999) A Nonlinear Viscoelastic Model for Polyurethane Foams. SAE Transactions: Journal of Materials and Manufacturing, 108(5): 209-215, 1999. Based on SAE Paper 1999-01-0299.

Dubbeldam, RN, Nilson, G, Pal, B, Eriksson, N, Owen, C, Roberts, A, Crandall, JR, Hall, GW, Manning, P, Wallace, A. (1999) A MADYMO Model of the Foot and Leg for Local Impacts. Paper 99SC12, Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, 43.

Duma, SM, Boggess, B, Crandall, JR. (1999) Evaluation of Upper Extremity Injuries from Lateral Air Bag Deployment. Proceedings of Inflatable Restraints in Aviation Conference, Huntsville, AL.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Seki, K, Aoki, T. (1999) Dynamic Response of the Hybrid III 3 Year Old Dummy Head and Neck during Side Airbag Loading. Journal of Automobile Engineering, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 213(D): 471-480.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Comparison of the Q3 and Hybrid III 3 Year Old Dummy Head and Neck Response During Side Air Bag Loading. Joint AAAM- IRCOBI Conference Session on Child Occupant Protection.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Rudd, RW, Funk, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Small Female Head and Neck Interaction with a Deploying Side Air Bag. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Rudd, RW, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Eye Injuries from Air Bags with Seamless Module Covers. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 42: 425-434.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Rudd, RW. (1999) A Protocol System for Testing Biohazardous Materials in an Automotive Research Facility. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 60(5): 629-634.

Duma, SM, Schreiber, P, McMaster, J, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Dynamic Injury Tolerances for Long Bones of the Female Upper Extremity. Journal of Anatomy, 194(3): 463-471.

Duma, SM, Schreiber, P, McMaster, J, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Fracture Tolerance of the Male Forearm: The Effect of Pronation versus Supination. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics, Pittsburgh.

Funk, JR, Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Quasi-linear Viscoelasticity of Ankle Ligaments. ASB Annual Conference.

Hall, GW, Klopp, GS, Crandall, JR, Carmines, D, Hale, J. (1999) Rate-independent characteristics of an arthroscopically implantable force probe in the human achilles tendon. Journal of Biomechanics, 32:203-207.

James, M, Smith, G, Kent, RW, Perl, T. (1999) Residual crush and delta-v as postcollision evaluators of airbag system performance. Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Automotive Technology and Automation.

Kato, M, Nishimura, H, Shimogo, T, Purtsezov, S, Pilkey, WD, Crandall, JR. (1999) Injury Protection of Occupant Legs by Active Knee Bolster Optimal Design of the Contact Force Reference.  Proceedings of the 50th Japan Joint Automatic Control Conference.

Kent, RW, James, M, Nordhagen, R. (1999) Seating design and occupant protection in rear impacted vehicles. ISATA Magazine, 7:21-25.

Morris, RA, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Multibody modelling of a side impact test apparatus. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 4(1): 17-30.

Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Butcher, J. (1999) Biofidelity Evaluation of Dynamic and Static Response Characteristics of the Thor Lx Dummy Lower Extremity. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Shaw, CG, Dalrymple, G, Ragland, C. (1999) Reducing the risk of driver injury from common steering control devices in frontal collisions in Air Bag Technology. Paper 1999-01-0759, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Shaw, CG, Wang C, Bolton, JR, Bass, CR, Crandall, JR, Butcher, J, Nguyen, T. (1999) Performance Assessment of the External Peripheral Instrument for Deformation Measurement Using Static Tests. Proceedings of the 27th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanics Research.

Sherwood, CP, O’Neill, B, Hurwitz, S. (1999) Lower Extremity Injury Causation in Frontal Crashes. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Duma, SM, Pilkey, WD. (1999) Three Year Old Child and Side Airbag Interaction Study Using the CVS/ATB Multi-body Simulation Program. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 108(6): 1416-1423. Based on SAE Paper 1999-01-0756.

Takhounts, E, Crandall, JR, Matthews, B. (1999) Shear Properties of Brain Tissue Using Non-linear Green-Rivlin Viscoelastic Constitutive Equation. Proceedings of the 27th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Vinger, P, Duma, SM, Crandall, JR. (1999) Baseball Hardness as a Risk Factor for Eye Injuries. Archives of Ophthalmology, 117(3): 354-358.

Bai, C, Morris, RA, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Cheng, ZQ, Pilkey, WD. (1998) A Study of Standards for Child Restraint Systems for Impact Tests. Proceedings of the International Crashworthiness Conference.

Balandin, DV, Bolotnik, NN, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Review: optimal shock and vibration isolation. Shock and Vibration, 5: 73-87.

Bass, CR, Crandall, JR, Wang, C, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Open-Loop Chestbands for Dynamic Deformation Measurements. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 107(6):1380-1387. Based on SAE Paper 980857.

Bass, CR, Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Morris, RA, George, S, Kuppa, S, Khaewpong, N, Sun, E, Eppinger, R. (1998) The Interaction of Airbags with Upper Extremity Test Devices. Paper 98-S7-O-12. Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Cheng, ZQ, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Wave Dispersion and Attenuation in Viscoelastic Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar. Shock and Vibration, 5(5/6): 307-315.

Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Duma, SM, Kuppa, S, Khaewpong, N, Eppinger, R. (1998) Evaluation of 5th Percentile Female Hybrid III Biofidelity and Injury Criteria Measurement Methods During Out of Position Occupant Tests with a Driver Airbag. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 107(6): 1154-1161. Based on SAE Paper 980636.

Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Duma, SM. (1998) Cadaver and Hybrid III Out-of-Position Testing using Driver Airbags. Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress of Biomechanics, Sapporo, Japan. (abstract)

Crandall, JR, Hall, GW, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Bioengineering. in Handbook of Mechanical Engineering, Tyler Hicks (ed.) CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.

Crandall, JR, Klopp, GS. (1998) Response and Injury of the Foot and Ankle During Impact Loading. Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress of Biomechanics, Sapporo, Japan, Aug. 1998.

Crandall, JR, Kuppa, S, Klopp, GS, Hall, GW, Pilkey, WD, Hurwitz, SR. (1998) Injury Mechanisms and Criteria for the Human Foot and Ankle Under Axial Impacts to the Foot. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 3(2): 147-162.

Crandall, JR, Martin, PG, Sieveka, EM, Pilkey, WD, Dischinger, P, Burgess, A, O’Quinn, T, Schmidhauser, C. (1998) Lower Limb Response and Injury in Frontal Crashes. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 30(5): 667-677.

Darvish, KK, Takhounts, E, Crandall, JR. (1998) A Dynamic Method to Develop Nonlinear Viscoelastic Model of Brain Tissue. Advances in Bioengineering, ASME, BED 39.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Small Female Upper Extremity Interaction with a Deploying Side Airbag. Paper 983148, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Small Female Upper Extremity Interaction with a Deploying Side Airbag. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 107(6): 2695. Based on SAE Paper 983148.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Seki, K, Aoki, T. (1998) Dynamic Response of the Hybrid III 3 Year Old Dummy Head and Neck during Side Airbag Loading. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 42: 193-208.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Seki, K, Aoki, T. (1998) 5th% Female Dummy Upper Extremity Interaction with a Deploying Side Air Bag. Paper 98-S5-W-20, Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Duma, SM, Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR. (1998) The Automotive Airbag System. Professional Safety: Journal of the American Society of Safety Engineers, 43(10): 24-27.

Duma, SM, Ryan, LP, Crandall, JR. (1998) Determination of Bone Mineral Content in Cadaveric Test Specimens. Proceedings of the 26th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Duma, SM, Schreiber, P, McMaster, J, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Dynamic Injury Tolerances for Long Bones of the Female Upper Extremity. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Hall GW; (1998) Biomechanical Characterization and Multibody Modeling of the Human Lower Extremity. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Virginia.

Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Thunnissen, J. (1998) Development of a Dynamic Multibody Model to Analyze Human Lower Extremity Impact Response and Injury. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Sieveka, EM, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Sensitivity of Impact Response to Model Parameters: A Multibody Modeling Study of the Human Leg. Proceedings of the ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Hall, GW. (1998) Measurement of elbow flexion and pronation with angular rate sensors. Paper 981141, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Kang, W, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Crash simulations of wheelchair-occupant systems in transport. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 35(1): 73-85.

Kent, RW, James, M, Nordhagen, R. (1998) Seat design and occupant protection in rear-impacted vehicles. Paper 98SAF033, Proceedings of the 31st International Symposium on Automotive Technology and Automation.

Kent, RW, Strother, C. (1998) Wooden Pole Fracture Energy in Vehicle Impacts. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 107(6): 292-305. Based on SAE Paper 980214.

Kuppa, S, Klopp, GS, Crandall, JR, Hall, GW, Yoganandan, N, Pintar, F, Eppinger, R, Khaewpong, N, Kleinberger, M. (1998) Axial Impact Characteristics of Dummy and Cadaver Lower Limbs. Paper 98-S7-O-10, Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Martin, PG, Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Measuring the acceleration of a rigid body. Shock and Vibration, 5: 211-224.

Morris, RA, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Multibody modelling of a side impact test apparatus. Proceedings of the International Crashworthiness Conference.

Morris, RA, Duma, SM, Bass, D, Sieveka, J, Pellettiere, JA, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Analysis of humerus orientation in upper extremity experiments with a deploying airbag. Paper 980639, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Pellettiere, JA, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Material Model for Bone Under Impact Loading. North American Congress on Biomechanics. Waterloo, Canada.

Pellettiere, JA, Duma, SM, Bass, CR, Crandall, JR. (1998) Strength of the Female Upper Extremity. Proceedings NATO/RTO Specialist's Meeting: Models for Aircrew Safety Assessment: Uses, Limitations, Requirements, Dayton, OH, October.

Pellettiere, JA, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Tanahashi, M, Weisenfeld, G, Okuhara, H, Takahashi, Y, Okamoto, Y. (1998) Experimental Testing of the Hybrid III Lower Extremity for Computational Model Development. Paper 980363, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Lynn, S, Keller, J. (1998) Lower Extremity and Brake Pedal Interaction in Frontal Collisions: Sled Tests. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 107(6): 853-860. Based on SAE Paper 980359.

Rudd, RW, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Pellettiere, JA, Lynn, S, Keller, J. (1998) Lower Extremity and Brake Pedal Interaction in Frontal Collisions: Computer Simulation. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 107(6): 822-828. Based on SAE Paper 980364.

Schreiber, P, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, S, Nusholtz, GS. (1998) Static and Dynamic Bending Strength of the Leg. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 3(3): 295-308.

Shaw, CG, Dalrymple, G, Ragland, C. (1998) Air Bag Interaction with and Injury Potential from Common Steering Control Devices. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 42: 245-259.

Shaw, CG. (1998) Retention of supportive properties by eggcrate and foam wheelchair cushions. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 35(4): 396-404.

Shaw, CG. (1998) Travel Hazards. Team Rehab Report, 9(10): 23-24.

Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Duma, SM, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Development and Application of a Side Airbag Computer Model Using a Multi-body Dynamics Program. Paper 98-S9-O-05, Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Sieveka, EM, Pellettiere, JA, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Tanahashi, M, Weisenfeld, G, Okuhara, H, Takahashi, Y, Okamoto, Y. (1998) A New CVS/ATB Hybrid III Model for Lower Extremity Studies: Development and Validation. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 107(6): 803. Based on SAE Paper 980357.

Strother, C, Kent, RW, Warner, C. (1998) Estimating vehicle deformation energy for vehicles struck in the side. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 107(6): 306-322. Based on SAE Paper 980215.

Takahashi, Y, Okamoto, Y, Kikuchi, Y, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Pellettiere, JA, Pilkey, WD. (1998) Development of Computer Simulation Model for Hybrid III Lower Extremity. JSAE Paper 9822775, Honda R&D Technical Review, 10: 189-196.

Thacker, J, Reagan, S, Pellettiere, JA, Pilkey, WD, Crandall, JR, Sieveka, EM. (1998) Experiences during Development of a Dynamic Crash Response Automobile Model. Journal of Finite Element Analysis and Design, 30: 279-296.

Bass, CR, Crandall, JR, Dekel, E, Jordan, A, Pilkey, WD. (1997) A System for Simulating Structural Intrusion in Automobile Full-Frontal and Frontal Offset Crashes in the Laboratory Sled Test Environment. Journal of Automobile Engineering. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 211(D): 325-336.

Bass, CR, Dekel, E, Crandall, JR, Lange, M, Pilkey, WD. (1997) Experimental Devices to Simulate Toepan And Floorpan Intrusion. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 106(6): 970-982. Based on SAE Paper 970574.

Bass, CR, Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Morris, RA, Martin, PG, Pilkey, WD, Hurwitz, S, Khaewpong N, Eppinger, R, Sun, E. (1997) The Interaction of Air Bags with Upper Extremities. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 107(6): 3644-3665. Based on SAE Paper 973324.

Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Pikey, WD, Miller, HJ, Sikorski, J, Wilkins, M. (1997) Thoracic Response and Injury with Belt, Driver Side Airbag, and Force Limited Belt Restraint Systems. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 2(1): 119-132.

Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Wang, C, Bolton, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1997) Comparison of Hybrid III and Cadaver Response Using Force Limited Belts Systems. Proceedings of the 25th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Crandall, JR, Duma, SM, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD, Kuppa, S, Khaewpong, N, Eppinger, R. (1997) Thoracic Response and Trauma of Out-of-Position Drivers Resulting from Air Bag Deployment. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 41: 387-404.

Crandall, JR, Martin, PG. (1997) Lower Limb Injuries Sustained in Crashes and Corresponding Biomechanical Research. Proceedings International Symposium on Real World Crash Injury Research, Leicestershire, UK.

Darvish, KK. (1997) Biomechanical Evaluation of the Application of Bone Internal Fixation Devices. Proceedings of the Iranian Academic Association Second Annual Conference on Science and Technology in Medicine and Engineering, New York.

Duma, SM, Bass, CR, Crandall, JR, Sieveka, EM, Pilkey, WD. (1997) Examination of Airbag-Induced Upper Extremity Injuries. Proceedings 15th International System Safety Conference.

Duma, SM, Bass, CR, Klopp, GS, Grillo, N, Micek, T, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1997) A technique for Using Strain Gauges to Evaluate Airbag Interaction with Cadaveric Upper Extremities. Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 33: 47-52.

Duma, SM, Bass, CR, Klopp, GS, Grillo, N, Micek, T, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1997) A technique for Using Strain Gauges to Evaluate Airbag Interaction with Cadaveric Upper Extremities. Proceedings of the 35th Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Rudd, RW, Pilkey, WD. (1997) A Discussion of the Automotive Airbag System and the Changes in its Federal Regulations. Proceedings 15th International System Safety Conference.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Rudd, RW, Pilkey, WD. (1997) A Review of the Proposed Changes in the Federal Automotive Airbag Design Standard. Proceedings of the 15th International System Safety Conference.

Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Turner, S, Pilkey, WD, Simmons, R. (1997) A Protocol System for the Handling of Biohazardous Materials in a Research Facility. Proceedings of the 15th International System Safety Conference, Washington, DC.

Duma, SM, Kress, T, Porta, D, Martin, PG, Simmons, R, Alexander, C, Woods, C. (1997) Airbag-Induced Eye Injuries: Dummy and Cadaveric Experiments. Proceedings of the15th International System Safety Conference.

Duma, SM, Kress, TA, Porta, DJ, Martin, PG. Simmons, RJ, Alexander, CL. (1997) An experimental study of airbag impact to the orbit using an instrumented Hybrid III headform. Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation, 33: 59-64.

Duma, SM, Rudd, RW, Kress, T, Porta, D. (1997) A Pneumatic Airbag Deployment System for Experimental Testing. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 106(6) part 1: 214-222. Based on SAE Paper 970124.

Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Klopp, GS, Pilkey, WD. (1997) Angular Rate Sensor Joint Kinematics Applications. Shock and Vibration, 4(4): 223-229.

Hall, GW, Klopp, GS, Crandall, JR, Carmines, D, Hale, J. (1997) Rate Independent Characteristics of an Arthroscopically Implantable Force Probe in the Achilles Tendon. Proceedings of the 21st Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics.

Klopp, GS, Crandall, JR, Hall, GW, Hurwitz, S, Pilkey, WD, Eppinger, R, Khaewpong, N, Kuppa, S. (1997) Mechanisms of injury and injury criteria for the human foot and ankle in dynamic axial impacts to the foot. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Kuppa, S, Klopp, GS, Crandall, JR, Eppinger, R. (1997) Single Degree of Freedom Representation of the Hybrid III Dummy and Cadaver Lower Limb. Proceedings of the 25th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Martin, PG, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Chou, C, Fileta, B. (1997) Measurement Techniques for Angular Velocity and Acceleration in an Impact Environment. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 106(6): 985-991. Based on SAE Paper 970575.

Martin, PG, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Miller, T. (1997) Passenger Car Drivers: annual Injury Incidence and Costs Projected to 2005. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 41: 249-263.

Mathis, J, Evans, A, DeNardo, A, Kennett, K, Crandall, JR, Jensen, M, Dion, J. (1997) Hydrophilic Coatings Diminish Glue Catheter Adhesion: An in-vitro Simulation of NBCA Embolization. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 18: 1087-1091.

Pilkey, WD, Kang, W, Schramm, U. (1997) Limiting performance analysis of large systems using an approximate optimization scheme. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 27(1): 7-17.

Rudd, RW, Crandall, JR, Duma, SM, Pilkey, WD. (1997) A Discussion of Lower Extremity Injuries in Automobile Crashes. Proceedings of the 15th International System Safety Conference.

Schramm, U, Rubenchik, V, Pilkey, WD. (1997) Beam Stiffness Matrix Based On the Elasticity Equations. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 40(2): 211-232.

Schreiber, P, Crandall, JR, Micek, T, Hurwitz, S. (1997) Static and Dynamic Bending Strength of the Leg. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Shaw, CG. (1997) The need to establish appropriate levels of crash protection for wheelchair riders in public transit vehicles. Proceedings of the Annual Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA) Conference.

Sieveka, EM, Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD. (1997) Multi-Body Model of Upper Extremity Interaction with Deploying Airbag. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 106(6): 613-620. Based on SAE Paper 970398.

Takhounts, E, Crandall, JR, Matthews, B. (1997) Experimental Determination of Constitutive Equations for Brain Tissue. Proceedings of the 21st Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics.

Bass, CR, Duma, SM, Crandall, JR, Martin, PG, Pilkey, WD. (1996) Airbag Interaction with Cadaveric Upper Extremities. Proceedings of the 24th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Bass, CR, Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1996) The Influence of Padding and Shoes on the Dynamic Response of Dummy Lower Extremities. Paper 961042, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Benson, B, Smith, G, Kent, RW, Monson, C. (1996) Effect of seat stiffness on out-of-position occupant response in rear-end collisions. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems, 105(6): 1958-1971. Based on SAE Paper 962434.

Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Klopp, GS, Pilkey, WD, Morgan, R, Eppinger, R. (1996) Sled Tests with Toepan Intrusion using Post-Mortem Human Surrogates and the Hybrid III Dummy. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD, Morgan, R, Eppinger, R, Miller, H, Sikorski, J. (1996) An Evaluation of Thoracic Response and Injury with Belt, Airbag, and Constant Force Retractor Restraints’. NATO Conference on Crashworthiness in Transportation Systems: Structural Impact and Occupant Protection, Troia, Portugal.

Crandall, JR, Martin, PG, Bass, CR, Pilkey, WD, Dischinger, P, Burgess, A, O’Quinn, T, Schmidhauser, C. (1996) Foot and Ankle Injury: The Roles of Driver Anthropometry, Footwear and Pedal Controls. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 40: 1-18.

Crandall, JR, Martin, PG, Pilkey, WD. (1996) Variability of the Head Injury Criteria with the Hybrid III Dummy. Paper 960094, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Kang, W, Bass, CR. (1996) Sensitivity of Occupant Response Subject to Prescribed Corridors for Impact Testing. Shock and Vibration, 3(6): 435-450.

Crandall, JR, Portier, L, Petit, P, Hall, GW, Bass, CR, Klopp, GS, Hurwitz, S, Pilkey, WD, Trosseille, X, Tarriere, C, Lassau, JP. (1996) Biomechanical response and physical properties of the leg, foot, and ankle. SAE Transactions: Journal of Passenger Cars, 105(6): 1853-1872. Based on SAE Paper 962424.

Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Klisch, S, Klopp, GS, Pilkey, WD. (1996) Measurement of Dynamic Rotary Motion using Magnetohydrodynamic Angular Rate Sensors. Shock and Vibration Digest, 28(5): 12 - 17.

Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Klopp, GS, Klisch, S, Pilkey, WD. (1996) Joint Kinematics with Angular Rate Sensors. Proceedings of the 69th Shock and Vibration Symposium.

Kennett, K, Crandall, JR, Bass, CR, Klopp, G. (1996) In Situ Measurement of Loads in the Tibia. Proceedings of the 24th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Pilkey, WD, Kang, W. (1996) Exact stiffness matrix for a beam element with axial force and shear deformation. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 22(1): 1-13.

Pilkey, WD. (1996) The Chebyshev norm as a deterministic alternative for problems with uncertainties. Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics, 11(4): 215-219.

Schramm, U, Pilkey, WD. (1996) Optimal Design of Structures Under Impact Loading. Shock and Vibration, 3(1): 69-81.

Bass, CR, Wood, HG. (1995) Ciliary Motion by the FES method. American Society of Mechanical Engineers International Conference, San Francisco, November 17-22, 1995.

Bass, CR, Wood, HG. (1995) On Microwave Experiments in Dielectric Media to Simulate Nuclear Volumetric Heating. Nuclear Technology, 110(2): 273-284.

Crandall, JR, Jordan, A, Bass, CR, Klopp, GS, Pilkey, WD, Sieveka, EM. (1995) Reproducing the structural intrusion frontal offset crashes in the laboratory sled test environment. Paper 950643, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Crandall, JR, Kuhlmann, T, Pilkey, WD. (1995) Air and knee bolster restraint system: laboratory sled tests with human cadavers and the Hybrid III dummy. Journal of Trauma, 38(4): 517-520.

Crandall, JR, Martin, PG, Kuhlmann, T, Klopp, GS, Sieveka, EM, Pilkey, WD, Dischinger, P, Burgess, A, O’Quinn, T. (1995) The Influence of Footwell Intrusion on Lower Extremity Response and Injury in Frontal Crashes. Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 39: 269-286.

Dupuis, GS, Pilkey, WD, Thacker, JG, Kang, W. (1995) wheelchair crash structural computer model, Proceedings of the Annual Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA) Conference.

Klopp, GS, Crandall, JR, Hurwitz, SR, Pilkey, WD, Morgan, RM, Eppinger, RH, Kuppa, SM. (1995) Risk of Injury to the Human Ankle for Longitudinal Impacts to the Foot. International Conference on Pelvic and Lower Extremity Injuries.

Klopp, GS, Crandall, JR, Sieveka, EM, Pilkey, WD. (1995) Simulation of Muscle Tensing in Pre-Impact Bracing. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Klopp, GS, Hall, GW, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1995) Measurement of Rotational Kinematics using Magnetohydrodynamic Angular Rate Sensors. Proceedings of the 23rd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Kuppa, S, Sieveka, EM (1995) Dynamic Motion of the Floor Pan and Axial Loading Through the Feet in Frontal Crash Tests. IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact.

Miller, T, Martin, PG, Crandall, JR. (1995) Cost of Lower Limb Injuries in Highway Crashes. Proceedings of the International Conference on Pelvic and Lower Extremity Injuries, Washington, D. C.

Pilkey, WD, Kang, W, Schramm, U. (1995) New structural matrices for a beam element with shear deformation. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 19: 25-44.

Pilkey, WD, Kitis, L. (1995) Dynamic Stiffness Matrix for a Beam Element with Shear Deformation. Shock and Vibration, 2(2): 155-162.

Schramm, U, Pilkey, WD. (1995) Reanalysis of Free-Vibrations Considering the Frequency-Dependency of the Structural Matrices. Modal Analysis-the International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, 10(1): 53-68.

Schramm, U, Pilkey, WD. (1995) The Application of Rational B-Splines for Shape Optimization. , (): -.

Schreiber, P, Crandall, JR, Dekel, E, Hall, GW, Pilkey, WD. (1995) The Effects of Lower Extremity Boundary Conditions on Ankle Response during Joint Rotation Tests. Proceedings of the 23rd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1995) Evaluation of Toepan Padding and Lower Extremity Impact Loading Using Computer Simulation of Occupant Kinetics. International Conference on Pelvic and Lower Extremity Injuries, 309, 316

Sieveka, EM, Kitis, Levent, Pilkey, WD. (1995) Testing and Modeling of an Automobile Seat in Frontal and Rear Collisions. ASME Meeting - Crashworthiness and Occupant Protection in Transportation Systems.

Crandall JR; (1994) The Preservation of Human Surrogates for Biomechanical Studies. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Virginia.

Crandall, JR, Klopp, GS, Klisch, S, Kennett, K, Morgan, R, Eppinger, R. (1994) Instrumentation Package for the Lower Extremities. Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Crandall, JR, Klopp, GS, Klisch, S, Sieveka, S, Pilkey, WD, Martin, PG. (1994) Research Program to Investigate Lower Extremity Injuries. Paper 940711, Society of Automotive Engineers.

Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Klopp, GS, Pilkey, B, Morgan, R, Eppinger, R, Kuppa, S, Sharpless, C. (1994) A Comparison of Two and Three Point Restraint Systems. Advances in Occupant Restraint Technologies: Joint AAAM and IRCOBI Special Session.

Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Sturgill, B. (1994) Evaluation of Preservation Methods for Cadavers: Hard Tissue Investigation. Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1994) Material Properties of Preserved Biomechanical Test Specimens. 12th U.S. National Congress of Biomechanics.

Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1994) The Preservation of Human Surrogates for Impact Studies. Proceedings of the 13th Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference, Engineering Research Center, University of DC, Washington, DC, 582-585.

Dischinger, P, Burgess, A, Cushing, B, Pilkey, WD, Crandall, JR, Sieveka, EM, Klopp, G. (1994) Lower Extremity Trauma in Vehicular Front-Seat Occupants. Proceedings of the 4th Injury Prevention through Biomechanics Symposium, Centers for Disease Control.

Kang, W, Pilkey, WD. (1994) The Exact Frequency-Dependent Stiffness and Mass Matrices of a General Beam Element with Axial Force and Elastic Foundations. Modal Analysis-the International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, 9(3): 218-226.

Kennett, K, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD. (1994) Warming of Cadaveric Specimens. Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

McKinney, R, Myers, D, Moody, D, McKinney, B, Martin, PG, Crandall, JR. (1994) A New Laceration Prediction System. Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Morgan, R, Eppinger, R, Haffner, M, Yoganandan, N, Pintar, F, Sauces, A, Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Klopp, GS, Kallieris, D, Miltner, E, Mattern, R, Kuppa, S, Sharpless, C. (1994) Thoracic trauma assessment formulations for restrained drivers in simulated frontal impacts. Paper 942206, Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, 38.

Pilkey, WD, Kang, W, Shaw, CG. (1994) Crash Response of Wheelchair Occupants with Different Sitting Postures in Transport. Proceedings of the Annual Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA) Conference.

Pilkey, WD, Schramm, U, Liu, YQ, Antes, H. (1994) Boundary Integration as a Means of Solving 2-Dimensional Problems. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 18: 17-29.

Pilkey, WD, Sieveka, EM, Crandall, JR, Klopp, G. (1994) The Influence of Foot Placement and Vehicular Intrusion on Occupant Lower Limb Injury in Full-Frontal and Frontal-Offset Crashes. Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV).

Schramm, U, Kitis, L, Kang, W, Pilkey, WD. (1994) On the Shear Deformation Coefficient in Beam Theory. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 16(2): 141-162.

Schramm, U, Pilkey, WD. (1994) Higher Order Boundary Elements for Shape Optimization Using Rational B-Splines. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 14(3): 255-266.

Schramm, U, Pilkey, WD. (1994) Optimal Shape Design for Thin-Walled Beam Cross-Sections. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 37(23): 4039-4058.

Shaw, CG, Lapidot, A, Scavnicky, M, Schneider, L, Roy, P. (1994) Interlaboratory study of proposed compliance test protocol for wheelchair tiedown and occupant restraint systems. Paper 942229, Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, 38.

Shaw, CG, Lapidot, A, Scavnicky, M, Thacker, J, Schneider, L, Manary, M, Roy, P, Savage, G, Witherington, C, Day, D. (1994) Wheelchair tiedown interlaboratory test. Proceedings of the Annual Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA) Conference.

Crandall, JR, Sieveka, EM, Pilkey, WD. (1993) The Influence of Muscle Tension on Lower Extremity Response. Proceedings of the 21st International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Fergusson, NJ, Pilkey, WD. (1993) Symmetrical Modes of Vibration for a Circular Plate Using Finite Dynamic Elements. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 22(5): 405-413.

Kashiwagi, M, Hirai, I, Katayama, T, Pilkey, WD. (1993) Sturm Sequence Recurrence Formula for Eigensolution of Locally Modified Systems. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 13(1): 31-36.

Kuhlmann, T, Crandall, JR, Sieveka, EM, Pilkey, WD. (1993) Simulation of Seat Belt Slack, Airbags, and Head Injury Criteria. Proceedings of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

Liu, Y, Pilkey, WD, Antes, H, Rubenchik, V. (1993) Direct Integration of the Integral-Equations of the Beam Torsion Problem. Computers & Structures, 48(4): 647-652.

Pilkey, OH,Young, RS, Riggs, SR, Smith, AWS, Wu, HY, Pilkey, WD. (1993) The Concept of Shoreface Profile of Equilibrium - a Critical-Review. Journal of Coastal Research, 9(1): 255-278.

Pilkey, WD, Liu, Y. (1993) Field Theory: a Two-Dimensional Case for Not Using Finite Or Boundary Elements. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 13: 127-136.

Schramm, U, Pilkey, WD. (1993) The Coupling of Geometric Descriptions and Finite Elements Using Nurbs €” a Study in Shape Optimization. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 15(1): 11-34.

Shah, SJ, Pilkey, WD. (1993) Lumped-Parameter Approach to Stability Analysis. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 119(10): 2109-2129.

Shaw, CG, Lapidot, A, Scavnicky, M, Haxel, B, Bolton, JR, Klopp, G. (1993) Testing Procedures for Wheelchair Securement System Standards. Proceedings of the Annual Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA) Conference.

Shaw, CG. (1993) Elderly clients in Seating and Mobility for Persons with Physical Disabilities. Therapy Skill Builders Publisher.

Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Sturgill, B. (1992) Radiologic Analysis of Cadaver Impact Injuries. Proceedings of the 20th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Fergusson, NJ, Pilkey, WD. (1992) Frequency-Dependent Element Mass Matrices. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 59(1): 136-139.

Lim, TW, Pilkey, WD. (1992) A Solution to the Inverse Dynamics Problem for Lightly Damped Flexible Structures Using a Model Approach. Computers & Structures, 43(1): 53-59.

Pilkey, WD, Duch, M, Crandall, JR, Klopp, GS, Zuck, J. (1992) Dynamic Deformation Measurements for Human Surrogates Testing. Proceedings of the 63rd Shock and Vibration Symposium.

Yang, BS, Pilkey, WD, Fergusson, NJ. (1992) Frequency dependent element matrices for rotor dynamics analysis. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 159(2): 339-351.

Cohen, R. Sieveka, EM,Pilkey, WD. (1991) Crash-rate and door-padding effects in side impact simulation. Proceedings of the 13th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles.

Crandall, JR, Pilkey, WD, Sturgill, B. (1991) Investigation to Characterize the Influence of Fixation Methods upon the Biomechanical Properties of Cadavers in an Impact Environment. Proceedings of the 19th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research.

Kashiwagi, M, Hirai, I, Ohwaki, SI, Pilkey, WD. (1991) Stable Eigensolution of Locally Modified Systems Based On the Sturm Sequence Property. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 9(2): 133-139.

Bass, CR, Wood III, H. (1990) Thermal Hydraulic Characterization of a Variable Fluid Properties, Cryogenic Neutron Source. American Physical Society, Division of Fluid Dynamics Conference.

Han, S, Pilkey, WD. (1990) Stiffness Matrices for the Static, Dynamic, and Buckling Analysis of Circular Plates. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 7(1): 27-50.

Haviland, JK, Lim, TW, Pilkey, WD, Politansky, H. (1990) Control of Linear Dampers for Large Space Structures. Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics, 13(2): 234-240.

Pilkey, WD, Fergusson, NJ. (1990) Some Characteristics of Frequency-Dependent Structural Matrices. Computers & Structures, 35(4): 413-416.

Pilkey, WD. (1990) Analytically Based Finite Elements for Rods, Plates, and Shells. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 7(2): 123-127.

Pilkey, WD, Liu, Y. (1989) Thermal Bending Stresses On Beam Cross-Sections. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 6(1): 23-31.

Politansky, H, Pilkey, WD. (1989) Suboptimal Feedback Vibration Control of a Beam with a Proof-Mass Actuator. Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics, 12(5): 691-697.